Greenhouse is the most important and widely used type of protected land in flower cultivation, especially in northern China. It provides good environmental conditions for many flowers. However, pests occur frequently due to high temperatures, high humidity, and insufficient air circulation in the greenhouse. Take the northern greenhouse as an example. There are three main pests: cockroaches, rat, and snails. They have a huge negative impact on greenhouse flowers, from roots and stems to leaves and shoots. The author now makes a brief description of its morphological characteristics, living habits, hazard status and prevention measures, hoping to help producers.
First, cockroaches are commonly known as slugs, cockroaches, and terrestrial mollusks. The adult body is about 25 mm long, divided into three parts: the head, the trunk and the foot. The meat is exposed in vitro, soft and without shell, yellowish brown, two pairs of antennae, and the top of the antennae has eyes. The body surface secretes many mucus, the foot is smooth, androgynous, and general allogeneic fertilization. The same body is fertilized and more dysplastic; the larvae are about 2.5 mm long, the shape is similar to that of the adult, there is no vertical line, the tentacles are dark gray; the eggs are in a beaded series, elliptical, translucent.è›žè“ Two generations a year, the larvae or adults in the soil near the roots of the flowers to winter, the beginning of March in the next year, into adulthood in April, mating to lay eggs, egg period about half a month. A place that is damp, wet, dark, and humus-like, fears light, hides under the flower pot during the day, and finds food and breeds at night. Its hunger resistance is very strong, and adults can live for 1 to 3 years in a suitable environment.
å±å®³ May to June is the most serious hazard. After the greenhouse flowers are invaded by cockroaches, the leaves of the lighter are nicked or have holes, and the buds of the heavy ones are bitten, which affects their growth and development.
There are two main types of control measures for cockroaches: (1) Regularly clean up the environment inside and outside the greenhouse, and find that cockroaches follow the killing, especially in April of each year, and should strengthen the artificial killing. (2) Apply lime powder or pour pentachlorophenol sodium around the pot. Pentachlorophenol sodium is more toxic and requires caution when used. Second, the rat woman, also known as watermelon worm or worm, is a crustacean. The body is about 10 mm long, with a gray or black back, wide and flat, and shiny. The body is divided into 13 sections, and the first chest and neck are healed. There are two pairs of tentacles, one of which is short and not obvious. A pair of compound eyes, black, round, slightly protruding. The newly hatched rat was white and had 6 pairs of feet. After a suede, there were 7 pairs. Rats have a generation a year. I like to live in tidal conditions and are not resistant to drought. When the foreign object touches, the body immediately collapses into a spherical shape, and the animation does not move. Rats have a strong ability to regenerate. If the antennae and limbs are broken, they can regenerate new tentacles and limbs through the molting.
Rats lurk in the bottom of the flower pot during the day, biting the roots of the flowers from the drain hole in the bottom of the basin, and hurting the stems of the flowers at night, causing the stems of the flowers to fester. There are three points in the prevention and treatment of rats: (1) Keep the interior of the greenhouse clean and remove weeds and garbage in time. (2) Spraying the pelvic floor with 20% pyrethroid 2000 times solution or 25% carbaryl 500 times solution. (3) When the occurrence is serious, 30% of the long-acting phosphorus mixture 3000 times solution can be sprayed on the flower pot, the ground and the plant. Third, the snail is a terrestrial mollusk and has a shell. There are four kinds of snails that are harmful to greenhouse flowers: gray snails, thin ball snails, same-type snails, and Chinese snails. Common is the gray snail. Gray snails have two pairs of tentacles, of which the rear antennae are relatively long, with black eyes at the top, medium size shells, solid shells, oval shape, yellow-brown or amber shell surface with dense growth lines and threads. The gray snail's eggs are round, milky white, shiny, and the newly hatched puppies and shells are light brown.
Gray snails occur in a generation a year and have a life span of more than one year. Adults lay eggs in the soil of the flower rhizosphere or in the loose soil below the flower pot. The life habits of snails are similar to those of snails. The snails inhabit the bottom of the flower pots or other wet places during the day, and climb out to the leaves and other places at night. There are sporadic nicks on the leaves of the victim and even all of them are eaten up. The traces of the climb leave silver marks, which affect the photosynthesis and ornamental effect of the flowers.
The main measures for the prevention and control of snails are: (1) Regular inspection and timely killing. (2) Apply 8% chlorpyrifos granules or 10% polyacetaldehyde granules (1.5 g per square meter). (3) Apply lime powder to the wet and dry places of the greenhouse and the bottom of the flower pot.
First, cockroaches are commonly known as slugs, cockroaches, and terrestrial mollusks. The adult body is about 25 mm long, divided into three parts: the head, the trunk and the foot. The meat is exposed in vitro, soft and without shell, yellowish brown, two pairs of antennae, and the top of the antennae has eyes. The body surface secretes many mucus, the foot is smooth, androgynous, and general allogeneic fertilization. The same body is fertilized and more dysplastic; the larvae are about 2.5 mm long, the shape is similar to that of the adult, there is no vertical line, the tentacles are dark gray; the eggs are in a beaded series, elliptical, translucent.è›žè“ Two generations a year, the larvae or adults in the soil near the roots of the flowers to winter, the beginning of March in the next year, into adulthood in April, mating to lay eggs, egg period about half a month. A place that is damp, wet, dark, and humus-like, fears light, hides under the flower pot during the day, and finds food and breeds at night. Its hunger resistance is very strong, and adults can live for 1 to 3 years in a suitable environment.
å±å®³ May to June is the most serious hazard. After the greenhouse flowers are invaded by cockroaches, the leaves of the lighter are nicked or have holes, and the buds of the heavy ones are bitten, which affects their growth and development.
There are two main types of control measures for cockroaches: (1) Regularly clean up the environment inside and outside the greenhouse, and find that cockroaches follow the killing, especially in April of each year, and should strengthen the artificial killing. (2) Apply lime powder or pour pentachlorophenol sodium around the pot. Pentachlorophenol sodium is more toxic and requires caution when used. Second, the rat woman, also known as watermelon worm or worm, is a crustacean. The body is about 10 mm long, with a gray or black back, wide and flat, and shiny. The body is divided into 13 sections, and the first chest and neck are healed. There are two pairs of tentacles, one of which is short and not obvious. A pair of compound eyes, black, round, slightly protruding. The newly hatched rat was white and had 6 pairs of feet. After a suede, there were 7 pairs. Rats have a generation a year. I like to live in tidal conditions and are not resistant to drought. When the foreign object touches, the body immediately collapses into a spherical shape, and the animation does not move. Rats have a strong ability to regenerate. If the antennae and limbs are broken, they can regenerate new tentacles and limbs through the molting.
Rats lurk in the bottom of the flower pot during the day, biting the roots of the flowers from the drain hole in the bottom of the basin, and hurting the stems of the flowers at night, causing the stems of the flowers to fester. There are three points in the prevention and treatment of rats: (1) Keep the interior of the greenhouse clean and remove weeds and garbage in time. (2) Spraying the pelvic floor with 20% pyrethroid 2000 times solution or 25% carbaryl 500 times solution. (3) When the occurrence is serious, 30% of the long-acting phosphorus mixture 3000 times solution can be sprayed on the flower pot, the ground and the plant. Third, the snail is a terrestrial mollusk and has a shell. There are four kinds of snails that are harmful to greenhouse flowers: gray snails, thin ball snails, same-type snails, and Chinese snails. Common is the gray snail. Gray snails have two pairs of tentacles, of which the rear antennae are relatively long, with black eyes at the top, medium size shells, solid shells, oval shape, yellow-brown or amber shell surface with dense growth lines and threads. The gray snail's eggs are round, milky white, shiny, and the newly hatched puppies and shells are light brown.
Gray snails occur in a generation a year and have a life span of more than one year. Adults lay eggs in the soil of the flower rhizosphere or in the loose soil below the flower pot. The life habits of snails are similar to those of snails. The snails inhabit the bottom of the flower pots or other wet places during the day, and climb out to the leaves and other places at night. There are sporadic nicks on the leaves of the victim and even all of them are eaten up. The traces of the climb leave silver marks, which affect the photosynthesis and ornamental effect of the flowers.
The main measures for the prevention and control of snails are: (1) Regular inspection and timely killing. (2) Apply 8% chlorpyrifos granules or 10% polyacetaldehyde granules (1.5 g per square meter). (3) Apply lime powder to the wet and dry places of the greenhouse and the bottom of the flower pot.
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