1. Stem-based rot: initially occurs in the base of the petiole of Chinese cabbage, which is water-immersed at the beginning of the disease. It gradually enlarges and becomes soft after appearing elliptical spots, and is dark gray. Finally, the leaves are completely rotted and smelly (this is different from Typical characteristics of black rot). When most of the leaves of the cabbage were infected, the whole plant collapsed and died. This rot does not produce mildew due to the shrinking of the petiole.
2. Rotten gourd: soft rot fungus directly invades from the roots of seedlings. Except for some seedlings dead, most of the damaged seedlings only have deep leaf color, which makes the whole plant grow slow. When the water is flooded or the rainy weather causes the roots to be hypoxic, the shortening stem of Chinese cabbage (commonly known as: 疙瘩Or gourd) The medullary tissue rots and smells. At the beginning of the disease, the leaves wilted at noon on sunny days, and recovered sooner or later. After a few days, the outer leaves of the plants were flat on the ground, and the heart leaves or leaf balls were exposed and died.
3. Leaf rot: The pathogen spreads downward from the petiole or the edge of the leaf or the wound at the top of the leaf. Most of the cabbage leaves are damaged by pests, the soft leaves are sticky and soft, ruptured and exposed, and finally the whole leaf rots.
Incidence conditions of soft rot: Soft rot pathogens are mainly derived from soil, and invade from the wounds of plants through rainwater and irrigation water. These wounds include man-made field operations (broken leaves), insect damage and the natural cracks of the cabbage itself. In the growing season, the rain is overwhelming, the seedlings are excessive, the roots are deeply rooted, and the excessive watering causes the water and soil in the area to be deprived of oxygen. Intrusion provides favorable conditions. According to the experiment, the healing speed of cabbage in different growth stages is different: the wound at the seedling stage heals 24 hours; the wound can heal 72 hours after the rosette period, so the incidence is heavy during this period.
In the prevention and control, the majority of vegetable farmers do not first flood the water, reduce the surface water time, the right amount of fertilizer, water fertilization. The diseased plants were removed in time before watering, and the plants were separated from the vegetable fields. After the pathogen is filled with quicklime or bactericidal agent, NP, etc., it is practical to reduce the spread of other plants.
Followed by the use of chemical control: First, you can choose 72% agricultural streptomycin soluble powder 2000 times solution or neomycin medicinal 2000 times solution, spray once every 7 days, even spray 2 to 3 times. When spraying, it can be formulated with potassium dihydrogen phosphate 200 g per acre. The soft rot pathogen prefers the alkaline environment. When the vinegar is added, it can add 500-800 ml per mu, which is beneficial to improve the disease resistance of the plant. Second, use vegetable Fengling to add 50 kg of water per 100 to 150 grams per acre, spray 1 or 2 times or use 2.5 to 5 liters per acre of agricultural anti-751 to drip into the vegetable field. Third, the cabbage antiseptic core agent can be used for 15 to 20 kilograms of water per 15 grams of water, and can be sprayed once during the growth period and the core period of the cabbage to enhance its resistance to cold, drought and disease, and to soft rot of cabbage. Black rot, downy mildew, viral diseases and other diseases have significant preventive effects. Fourth, spray with 1500 times of the bacteria toxin 1500 times, spray once every 8 to 10 days, even spray 2 times.
In order to reduce the incidence of soft rot, when the Chinese cabbage is planted again in the next year, the majority of vegetable farmers should also pay attention to the selection of resistant varieties. Generally, long-tube type cabbage is more resistant to soft rot than baotou; rotation is suitable for late sowing; Reduce the number of field operations and artificial trauma and mechanical damage.
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