First, the characteristics of fertilizer
Strawberries have shallow roots, strong fertility, large nutrient requirements, and very sensitive to nutrients. Too much or insufficient fertilization has adverse effects on growth, yield and quality. Nitrogen fertilizer can promote the formation of a large number of leaves and stolons, strengthen vegetative growth, increase fruit, and increase yield; nitrogen-deficient leaves will turn yellow, partially dry and slightly smaller than normal leaves. Phosphate fertilizer can promote flower bud differentiation and increase fruit set rate; the upper leaves of phosphorus deficiency show purple-red spots, and flowers and fruits are small. Potassium fertilizer mainly promotes fruit ripening, improves sugar content of fruit and improves fruit quality. Black, brown and dry edges often appear on the edge of potassium-deficient leaves. In severe cases, it becomes burned, the old leaves are seriously damaged, the fruit color is light, and the taste is poor. In addition, strawberries are very sensitive to chlorine and should be controlled for use with chlorinated fertilizers.
Second, fertilization technology
Applying the base fertilizer: It is necessary to fertilize the whole fertility period of the strawberry to ensure that the plant grows robustly, and has more flowering, more fruit, large fruit and high yield. Before planting, combined with deep tillage and ground preparation, the base fertilizer is generally applied. The high-quality organic fertilizer per mu is 2000~3000 kg, and the potassium sulfate type compound fertilizer is 50~60 kg.
Reasonable topdressing: In order to meet the demand for various nutrients during the flowering period, generally after the strawberry begins to grow and before the flowering period, 10~15 kg of compound fertilizer per mu is applied, and the amount of base fertilizer is sufficient. During the expansion period of the berry, about 15 kg of high-nitrogen potassium compound fertilizer can be applied. After a large number of strawberries, the nutrients in the plant are lacking. In order to restore the growth of the plant as soon as possible, new roots of new leaves should be formed, and topdressing should be carried out according to the needs. The specific amount of fertilization should be determined according to the amount of fruit collected, and more fruits should be fertilized, and less seeds should be less fertilized.
Spraying outside the root: According to the growth of the strawberry in the middle and late stages, the external top dressing (ie foliar spray) method is used for assisted fertilization. Spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate or other foliar fertilizers 3~4 times in the middle and late growth stages as needed can increase the fruit setting rate, improve the fruit quality, increase the weight of single fruit, and prolong the result period. In addition, the spraying of foliar fertilizer should be carried out in the evening on a cloudy or sunny day, because the evaporation at noon is large, which is easy to cause strawberry fertilizer.
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