Yixing Zisha Pottery is a comprehensive art integrating ceramic crafts and utensils, sculpture, painting, calligraphy, literature and stone art. It began in the Northern Song Dynasty and flourished in the Ming and Qing Dynasties. It has experienced the following stages of development:
Start-up period
From the Song Dynasty to Ming Zhengde (about the 10th to the 16th century), it was the initial period of Zisha Tao.
In 1976, a large number of purple sand pottery were unearthed at the site of the ancient kiln in Yangjiao Mountain, Yixing. Appraised by the History Department of Nanjing University and the Nanjing Museum, the age of this Zisha ancient kiln site is the Northern Song Dynasty. In 1966, Wu Jing Tomb (a 12-year-old tomb of Ming Jiajing) unearthed in Nanjing, a piece of purple sand girders, its purple sand shape, production techniques and the comparison of the pieces of the Songjiao dynasty of the Yangjiao Mountain, completely in the same vein. In the poems of the poets Ouyang Xiu and Mei Yichen of the Song Dynasty, there were also poems about the purple sand tea set. During the Ming Zhengde years, the outstanding potters recorded in the literatures included the Jinsha Temple and the Spring Festival.
Maturity
Ming Jiajing to Wanli years is the mature period of Yixing Zisha
First, Dong Han, Zhao Liang, Yuan Chang, Shi Peng "four people", followed by Da Bin, Li Zhongfang, Xu Youquan "three people." Among them, Shi Dabin is the most famous. The method of making pots changed the early method of making, and completely changed to the forming method of cymbals, circles, body barrels and clay insert molding, which is a leap in the art of purple sand.
Prosperous period
From the end of the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty, it was the prosperity period of the purple sand craft.
From the end of the Ming Dynasty to the Qing Dynasty (from the late 17th century to the early 18th century), the purple sand process developed towards decorative patterns and patterns. At the end of the Ming Dynasty, the "Tao Cup" made by Xiang Shengsi (the existing Nanjing Museum) has fine craftsmanship, perfect image and dense structure. It can be described as a gemstone of sand. The most prominent representative of this stage is Chen Mingyuan in the late Kangxi period. His works are known for his skill and creativity. In the early nineteenth century, the style of purple sand was greatly changed. The key figure was the scholar Chen Hongshou (No. Mansheng). His contribution to the purple sand pottery was the first time to apply engraving as a decorative means to the pot. Qing Daoguang, Xianfeng years, outstanding purple sand master Shao Daheng, the works selected mud and refined, deep modeling, superb skill, open a generation of slim and colorful wind, won the prestige.
Prosperous period
Modern and modern, Yixing Zisha reached its peak
From the mud texture to the process flow, from purple sand research to genre innovation, there are new developments, such as Huang Yulin, Yan Shimin, Zhu Kexin, Gu Jingzhou, Jiang Rong, Wang Yuxian and so on. Among them, Gu Jingzhou's works are smooth and docile, and the momentum is thick and majestic, and it is called "the pot art master". Celebrities of the past few generations of Zisha, using Yixing's unique purple clay pottery, with their dexterous hands and ingenuity, gave art and inspiration to create a purple sand pottery treasure with rich national, cultural and artistic life. In recent years, famous painting and calligraphy artists Liu Haisu, Li Keran, Tang Yun, Cheng Shifa, Han Meilin, etc. have also written inscriptions for Zisha works, making poems and paintings, and creating new styles, which has made the purple art world and cultural level have a new sublimation.
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