What are the characteristics of organophosphorus pesticides?

Organophosphorus pesticides are the most widely used and most widely used insecticides in China. They have a wide variety of products and their performances vary widely. However, they have the following characteristics when combined:

(1) The insecticidal spectrum is wide. At present, the commonly used organophosphorus insecticides can control a variety of agricultural and forestry pests, and some can be used to control sanitary pests and livestock and poultry ectoparasites.

(2) Diversification of insecticide methods can meet various needs. Most varieties have contact and stomach toxicity. Some varieties have internal or osmotic effects. Some varieties have fumigation effect. They can be applied in various ways to prevent different types of agricultural and forestry such as above ground, underground, drill collar and sucking. Pests. Its insecticidal mechanism is to inhibit the activity of cholinesterase in the pest, destroy the normal conduction of the nervous system, and cause a series of symptoms of nervous system poisoning until death.

(3) It is highly toxic and should be used safely when used. Most varieties are highly toxic to humans and animals, and some species are highly toxic, such as phorate, methamidophos, and endogenous phosphorus. Pay attention to health and safety when using, and ensure that there is a certain safety interval before harvesting of agricultural products to avoid pesticide residue poisoning.

(4) It is easily degraded in the environment. The general variety is easy to degrade into non-toxic substances in animals and plants, and it is easy to be hydrolyzed and oxidized in natural conditions such as sun exposure and wind and rain. Therefore, it should be protected from light and moisture during storage.

(5) Easy to detoxify. Although organic phosphorus insecticide is highly toxic, it is easy to cause human and animal poisoning, but it has been widely used in high-efficiency detoxification drugs such as atropine and phosphate.

(6) Resistance is slower and more complete for crops. Although organophosphate insecticides have been used for a long time, their efficacy has been reduced compared with the original ones. However, pests have developed relatively slowly, and they are still in large use. At the same time, the crops are generally safer and less susceptible to phytotoxicity. Of course, some agricultural materials are more sensitive to individual varieties. For example, the phytotoxicity of trichlorfon against sorghum and the dimethoate of dichlorvos have certain effects on corn and peach trees at high concentrations. Drug damage.

(7) Most organophosphorus pesticides are easily decomposed under alkaline conditions and therefore cannot be mixed with alkaline substances.

At present, the types of organophosphorus pesticides registered and widely used in China are: parathion, methyl parathion, methamidophos, acephate, acesulfame, dimethoate, omethoate, dichlorvos, Malathion, phoxim, monocrotophos, phorate, chlorpyrifos, triazophos, methylisophosphorus, trichlorfon, chlorpyrifos, profenofos and the like.

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