The western building has a discussion on the quality problems existing in the Deng Denghang temperature system of the exterior wall thermal insulation system of building walls. The construction technology of the expanded polystyrene exterior wall external insulation system and the rubber powder polystyrene external wall external insulation system are proposed. In order to promote the application of exterior insulation systems.
The surface layer is covered with glass fiber mesh. 2) The EPS EPS insulation slurry consists of the interface layer, EPS powder insulation slurry insulation layer, anti-crack mortar thin layer and finish layer 2 performance of the external insulation system expansion board thin plaster External insulation system performance is placed on the outside of the building's external wall insulation and finish system, composed of expanded polystyrene board (EPS), adhesives and anchor bolts if necessary, plastering mortar and alkali-resistant mesh cloth and paint . Has the following advantages: For exterior insulation of residential walls. The technology is relatively mature, the use of more extensive is the expansion of polystyrene board thin plaster outer wall insulation system and rubber powder polystyrene outer wall insulation system. In order to better understand and understand the energy-saving materials, the paper describes the exterior wall external insulation system of the building wall based on the product knowledge acquired by the relevant personnel in the inspection.
1Structure of exterior wall external insulation system 1) Expanded polystyrene board thin plaster exterior insulation system consists of EPS board insulation layer, thin plaster surface layer and finish coating, and EPS board is fixed on the base layer with adhesive. Thin Moyan to design changes. In order to maintain the design documents that have undergone energy-saving design review, they are required to be fully implemented and fully implemented. The “Energy Conservation Regulations†stipulates that when the design changes involve building energy efficiency standards, in addition to the implementation of the design change procedures prior to implementation and confirmation by the supervision (construction) unit, the original construction drawing review agency shall also obtain the examination and approval agreement. The design changes that involve energy saving effects are strictly limited.
Strictly inspect the entry of energy-saving materials. a. Appearance inspection and acceptance. Inspection and acceptance of the material's variety, specifications, packaging, appearance and dimensions shall be confirmed by the supervision (construction) entity and a corresponding record shall be formed. b. Quality document verification. Including factory certificate, certificate and related performance test report. c. On-site sampling Retest The retest should be witnessed for sampling.
According to the provisions of the “Energy Conservation Regulations,†the covert projects of each sub-item should be subject to covert acceptance, with detailed written and image records.
Strict process quality control. Supervise the construction unit to strictly follow the design documents and energy-saving standards, and implement the construction of the next procedure if the previous process is not accepted.
Acceptance of energy-saving projects. The "Energy Conservation Code" defines the energy conservation project as a branch project and divides the project quality acceptance into sub-projects and inspection lots. Inspection and acceptance of the batch acceptance requirements: a. Inspection batch should be accepted according to the master control project and the general project; b. The master control project should be all qualified. General projects should have at least 90% of the checkpoints qualified, and the rest must not have serious defects. There is a complete construction operation basis and quality acceptance record.
The requirements for the acceptance of the sub-projects shall be: a. The inspection batches contained shall be qualified; b. The quality acceptance records of the inspection batches shall be complete.
Divisional project acceptance requirements: a. All the sub-projects are qualified; b. The quality control data is complete; The physical inspection of the exterior wall meets the design requirements; d. The inspection of the airtightness of the outer window is qualified. The construction equipment engineering system passed the energy-saving performance test.
Regulations and requirements for acceptance of building energy-saving projects. Acceptance of the inspection lot and concealed works shall be conducted by the supervision engineer, quality personnel and construction personnel of the construction unit; the acceptance of the sub-project shall be presided over by the supervision engineer, and the project technical leader, quality inspector, and construction staff shall participate in the inspection. The acceptance of the subdivision project was presided over by the director, the project manager of the construction unit, the technical person in charge, the quality inspector and the construction worker participated, the technical person in charge of the construction unit participated, and the energy conservation designer of the design unit participated.
Quality acceptance of energy-saving subdivision projects shall be based on the qualification of inspection batches and sub-projects, and shall carry out physical inspection of external wall energy-saving structures, on-site gas-tightness site inspection, as well as system energy-saving performance testing and system joint commissioning and commissioning. , Confirm that the acceptance conditions are met before proceeding.
After the completion of the energy-saving project, the supervisor shall compile a quality assessment report for the energy-saving project, and conduct a special assessment of the implementation of energy-saving standards and construction quality of the energy-saving project.
4 Conclusion The 50% goal of energy saving for civil buildings requires the joint efforts of all parties involved (construction, design, construction, and supervision). For the supervision unit, it is necessary to supervise and manage the construction of energy-saving projects, focusing on three good points: 1) Material quality control, strict acceptance and witness sampling re-inspection to ensure that qualified materials are used in the project; 2) processes Quality control, strict quality inspection and approval of inspection batches, so that the quality of the previous process can be accepted before entering the next process; 3) Check the acceptance of the energy-saving segment, strictly follow the requirements of the “Energy Conservation Regulationsâ€, and insist on only the energy-saving division. Acceptance of the qualifications before the unit project Liu Denghang: On the exterior wall external thermal insulation system 1) Light weight. It uses the EPS board as the insulation layer, and the weight of the adhesive cement, the reinforcement layer and the finish coating is only 2kg/m2~3kg/m2, which is very favorable for the energy-saving reconstruction of existing buildings. Generally only 40mm ~ 60mm, will be able to meet the requirements of energy-saving 50% of the wall. 2) Increase the effective use area. With this system, the load-bearing wall can be reduced to 240mm or 190mm. Compared with the sandwich wall or other walls, it occupies almost 3% less than the construction of the sandwich wall because it occupies almost no floor space and the wall is greatly reduced in thickness. Housing area utilization. 3) The non-thermal bridge EPS external insulation system can wrap any exposed wall of the building, and can make almost no thermal bridge. 4) The construction method is flexible and highly adaptable. The system adopts special cement, which can be optionally cut and shaped EPS board and alkali-resisting mesh cloth. It is highly decorative and malleable. This system can be used to produce building walls of various thickness, various shapes and architectural aesthetic requirements. decoration. 5) Easy to replace and modify. The existing EPS insulation layer can be cut and repaired with a simple tool, and the desired coating can be applied directly to the treated surface layer. 6) Protect the wall. The system can effectively protect the load-bearing wall (skeleton) from external invasion, especially the protection of the wall cracks, and reinforce the cracked wall with adhesive cement and reinforced layers.
22 The performance of the EPS powder insulation slurry is set on the outside of the external wall and consists of an interface agent, a polystyrene powder particle insulation layer, a crack protection layer and a decorative layer, and functions as a structural system for thermal insulation, protection and decoration. It has the following features: 1) It is cheaper than the EPS board insulation system, but its thermal insulation performance is not as good as the EPS board. 2) The construction is easy and the operation is simple. 3) Polystyrene pellets External wall insulation is the most resistant to cracking, seismic, wind pressure, fire and weather resistance.
3 Inspection of External Insulation System 31 Detection of Expanded Polystyrene Plaster Thin External Plaster External Insulation System Generally, performance indicators of EPS boards, adhesives, screeded mortars, and alkali-resistant grids are required to be inspected. According to JG149-2003, the main indicators of EPS boards are thermal conductivity, apparent density, tensile strength and dimensional stability perpendicular to the board surface. The performance indicators of the adhesive are the original strength and water-resistant strength of the tensile bond strength of the cement mortar, the original strength and water-resistant strength of the tensile bond strength of the expanded polystyrene board, and the operating time. The performance index of the sizing mortar is the original strength, water-resistant strength and freezing-thawing resistance of the tensile bond strength with the expanded polystyrene board; the operating time; flexibility. The reinspection items of the alkali-resistant grid cloth are the mass per unit area, the alkali-resistant breaking strength, the alkali-resistant breaking strength retention rate and the breaking strain. 32 By testing and controlling the quality of the EPS insulation particles, it is necessary to inspect the EPS insulation particles, crack-resistance mortar, alkali-resistant mesh cloth and hot-dip galvanized welded wire mesh. According to JG158-2004, the test items for thermal insulation slurry of EPS powder particles include wet apparent density, dry apparent density, thermal conductivity, compressive strength, linear shrinkage, softening coefficient, etc.; anti-crack mortar testing items include available time, Normal temperature tensile bond strength, immersion tensile bond strength and crimp ratio; test items of hot dip galvanized welded wire mesh include wire diameter, mesh size, solder joint pull force and galvanized layer quality; alkali-resistant mesh cloth is also required Conduct the test.
Any product that fails to pass the inspection shall not be used for engineering projects.
4 Existing quality problems 41 Quality problems of expanded polystyrene board thin plaster external insulation system 1) EPS board density is not enough. Industry standards (The Technical Specifications for Exterior Thermal Insulation Projects) have a density range of 18kg/m3~22kg/m3, but the results of spot inspections on site rarely meet this requirement, and most of them are about 14kg/m3. Adulterated. In order to increase the weight of the EPS board, some unscrupulous manufacturers added diamond powder and other weighting agents to the foamer. This counterfeit board is soft and heavy, and it is full of sand powder. 3) Through testing the tensile strength of the adhesive and plaster, the strength of water resistance does not meet the requirements of the specification. After sun exposure, the project may suffer from cracking, falling off and other quality problems. 42 The main problems in the insulation of polystyrene powder EPS particles 1) The quality of rubber powder. Some construction teams use cement instead of powder, and the quality is difficult to guarantee.
2) The ratio is difficult to control. Because it is a mixture, EPS particles and rubber powder must be formulated in a certain proportion, and it is difficult to accurately control the construction site, resulting in reduced heat preservation effect and easy fall-off. 3) The base treatment is poor. If the exterior wall cement mortar is only 2.5kg/m2~3kg/m2 of adhesive for ordinary heat insulation; if it is not smooth, 45kg of adhesive must be used. In this way, the loss is more than 10 yuan per square meter. And now it is popular to do insulation directly on the outer wall without laying the surface. If interior decoration needs to be perforated, the outer insulation layer can easily be destroyed. 4) Due to various reasons, the cost of water and cement often appears after the cost of the insulation unit is fixed, which reduces the proportion of polymer in the polymer mortar and seriously reduces the quality. 5) In the actual construction of polymer mortar plastering, ordinary putty leveling is often used. As the putty is very easy to crack, it will affect the decorative effect of the insulation layer and the exterior finish. Should be leveled with water-resistant elastic putty, and then brushed with elastic paint, so that the outer layer of EPS board to form a protective body with an elastic EPS thin plaster external wall insulation system is a practical way of insulation, as long as strict management, Steady promotion will surely play an important role in building energy conservation.
5 Construction Process 51 Expanded Polystyrene Board Thin Plaster External Insulation System When the height of the building is more than 20m, an anchor bolt can be used to fix the site where the negative wind pressure is greater. The surface of the base layer should be clean, free of oil, and demoulded. Agents that interfere with adhesion, such as protrusions, voids, and loose parts, should be removed and leveled. The test of tensile bond strength between base layer and adhesive should be done according to the specification. When the EPS board is pasted, the adhesive shall be coated on the back surface, and the area shall not be less than 40% of the board area. The EPS board shall be pasted in a smooth way. The vertical joints shall be lined up one by one. The EPS board of the corners of the doors and windows shall not be spliced. Block EPS board cutting and molding, and at the same time doing a good system of edge wrapping 52 when the plastic powder polystyrene particles external wall insulation system construction, the base surface should be clean, no oil, mold release agent and other obstruction of the attachments, hollowing and Loose parts should be removed, plastering should be divided, each time interval is more than 24h, each time the thickness should not exceed 20mm, after the insulation layer hardening, the thickness of the insulation layer should be tested on-site and on-site sampling to check the dry density, dry density should not be greater than 250kg/m3 and should not be less than 180kg/m3. The thickness of the insulation layer on site shall meet the design requirements and shall not have negative deviation.
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