The central budget will allocate 15 billion yuan in five years; the fund is mainly used to guide local, venture capital institutions and other social funds to support small and micro enterprises in the initial stage. A few days ago, the reporter learned from the relevant departments of the Ministry of Finance that the overall framework of the national SME development fund that has received much attention has been designed and completed, and relevant departments are formulating implementation measures, which are expected to be launched before the end of the year. “The policy orientation of the national small and medium-sized funds is mainly for emerging industries and ethnic industries (ethnic handicrafts, jewellery, jade, traditional Chinese medicine, and characteristic culture).†The relevant person in charge of the Ministry of Finance’s Enterprise Department told the Economic Information Daily that the fund’s The mode of operation mainly adopts the “fund fund†mode of operation, and forms strategic cooperation with domestic excellent venture capital management institutions to conduct market-oriented investment. At the same time, the national small and medium-sized funds have the function of financing guarantee. The previous research report of the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance stated that over the past 30 years of reform and opening up, small and medium-sized enterprises have become an important force in China's national economic and social development, and SMEs play a pivotal role in their respective economic fields. The output value, added value, profit and tax revenue created by small and medium-sized enterprises have an absolute proportion, especially in the resettlement of urban and rural employment. With the continuous improvement of China's economic system reform, under the impact of the international financial crisis and the uncertainties of the world economic development pattern, the development of China's SMEs faces many new opportunities and challenges. "Compared with large enterprises, SMEs are still at a disadvantage in terms of information, technology, talents, financing, etc. SMEs generally have problems of small scale, scattered layout, and insufficient original capital. Enterprises have insufficient funds and social financing difficulties. The relevant person in charge of the Enterprise Department of the Ministry of Finance said. According to the survey, this year, about 65% of China's SME development funds are mainly from self-owned funds, about 25% of SME development funds come from bank loans, and 10% of SME development funds come from private fund-raising methods. Two-thirds of SMEs generally feel that development funds are insufficient. At the same time, the socialized service system for SMEs in China is still not perfect, and the development of social service systems for SMEs lags behind. According to reports, the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Finance will set up a national small and medium-sized enterprise development fund in accordance with relevant laws and regulations. The fund's funding sources include central budgetary arrangements, fund income, and donations. The central government allocated 15 billion yuan of funds, which was put in place in 5 years, and 3 billion yuan was arranged in 2012. The fund is mainly used to guide local, venture capital institutions and other social funds to support small and micro enterprises in the initial stage. The state encourages the society to donate funds to the fund. For enterprises, institutions, social organizations and individuals that donate funds to the fund, the part of the enterprise that is within 12% of the total annual profit, the individual is within 30% of the taxable income of the individual income tax. Approved before the calculation of the income tax deduction. "In addition to the establishment of national small and medium-sized funds, the relevant state departments will also support the development of small and medium-sized enterprises in various aspects such as improving fiscal and taxation policies and optimizing the service environment." The relevant person from the National Development and Reform Commission told reporters. According to reports, government procurement will increase efforts to support the development of small and micro enterprises. Beginning this year, all departments that have budgetary responsibilities for the department will be allocated a small amount of 18% of the total government procurement project budget for small micro enterprises. In the government procurement review, small-scale micro-enterprise products can be deducted from 6% to 10% depending on the industry. Encourage large and medium-sized enterprises and small and micro enterprises to form a consortium to participate in government procurement. Small and micro enterprises account for more than 30% of the consortium, and can be deducted from the consortium by 2% to 3%. Promote the pilot program of government procurement credit guarantees, and encourage bidding guarantees, performance guarantees and financing guarantees for small and micro enterprises to participate in government procurement. Relevant persons from the Ministry of Finance told the Economic Information Daily that the state will continue to implement the exemption of the business tax policy for eligible credit guarantee institutions, increase the guidance and support of the central government funds, and encourage guarantee institutions to increase the scale of small micro enterprise guarantee business. Reduce the guarantee fees for small and micro enterprises. Guide foreign investment to set up guarantee institutions for small and micro enterprises, and accelerate the pilot work of setting up guarantee companies by using foreign capital. It is understood that the state will further introduce relevant policies to promote the structural adjustment and optimization of small and medium-sized enterprises, especially small and micro enterprises. Focus on supporting technological progress and technological transformation of small and medium-sized enterprises, creating and protecting independent intellectual property rights and strengthening brand building, enhancing the development capability of “specialized and special newâ€, strengthening cooperation with large enterprises, stabilizing and expanding employment, and carrying out energy conservation, emission reduction and safe production. Excavate and protect the traditional crafts and products, develop the industries that the state has cultivated, and improve the management level. At the same time, the relevant state departments will introduce policies to improve the service environment of small and medium-sized enterprises, especially small and micro enterprises. Focus on supporting high-tech service industry, business service industry, modern logistics industry and other production service enterprises, as well as SME service organizations to improve service capabilities and service quality, strengthen and improve SME entrepreneurship, innovation, quality, management consulting, information services , personnel training, market development and other services.
High Temperature Alloy is divided into three kinds of material: 760 ℃ high-temperature material, 1200℃ high temperature and 1500 ℃ high temperature materials, the tensile strength is 800 mpa. On other words,it refers to the metal material worked well in the condition of 760-1500 ℃ or above. It owns excellent high temperature strength, good resistance to oxidation and thermal corrosion resistance, good fatigue properties, fracture toughness and other comprehensive performance, this kind of material has became an irreplaceable key material in military and civilian gas turbine engine hot end components . According to the relevant theory, 760 ℃ high-temperature materials, according to the matrix elements,can be mainly divided into high temperature iron base alloy, nickel base superalloy and cobalt-based super alloy. According to the preparation process,it can be divided into deformation and high temperature alloy, casting high temperature alloy and powder metallurgy super alloy. According to the solid methods,it can be divided into solid solution strengthening, precipitation strengthening and oxide dispersion strengthened with fiber reinforced type, etc.
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