1 Microemulsion (ME) Microemulsion is a liquid formulation with a water-based appearance and a homogeneous appearance. It consists of water-surfactant-oil, which is a thermodynamically stable homogeneous system with a particle size of generally 0.1-0.0 μm.
1.1 composition of active ingredients: 0.5 ~ 50%; emulsifier: generally 1 to 3 times the oily ingredients, depending on the active ingredient hydrophilic and lipophilic; water: make up to 100%.
1.2 Processing microemulsions Generally, the pesticides and emulsifiers are thoroughly mixed, and then slowly added to the water while stirring, and the mixture is evenly stirred.
1.3 Technical difficulties mainly address the chemical stability and appearance stability of the formulation.
1.4 Features Compared with emulsifiable concentrates, microemulsions have the following characteristics: eq \o\ac(â—‹,1) 1 saves a lot of organic solvents; eq \o\ac(â—‹,2) 2 is safe for humans and the environment (no solvent itself) Toxicity); eq \o\ac(â—‹,3) 3 High flash point, non-flammable, safe for storage and transportation; eq \o\ac(â—‹,4) 4 Low volatility, reducing the odor of pesticides; eq \o\ac(â—‹,5) 5 The cost is slightly lower than that of the emulsifiable concentrate. The lower the content, the more obvious the advantage; eq \o\ac(â—‹,6) 6 The effect is good. Take a 4.5% beta-cypermethrin microemulsion and a 10% triazophos microemulsion as an example. 4.5% beta-cypermethrin microemulsion indoor anti-virulence test results drug name virulence regression equation LC 50 (ppm) virulence ratio (R) 4.5% beta-cypermethrin EC Y=3.4904+2.1506x 5.03 1 4.5% beta-cypermethrin microemulsion Y=3.6813+2.3162x 3.71 1.36 10% Triazophos microemulsion for the control of Plutella xylostella field test results Drug name 1 day after treatment (%) 3 days after drug control (%) 10% Triazophos microemulsion 1000 times 72.15 86.84 20% Triazophos EC 1000 times 79.63 91.75
1.5 Main varieties 25% chlorpyrifos microemulsion, 40% sub-agricultural microemulsion, 20% triazophos microemulsion, 4.5% beta-cypermethrin microemulsion, 40% acetochlor microemulsion, 2% high chlorine·avermectin micro Emulsions, etc.
2 Water emulsion (EW) Water emulsion refers to a preparation in which liquid pesticides or liquid pesticides are mixed with a small amount of liquid pesticides dispersed in water. It is a concentrated solution of the emulsion, unlike the emulsifiable concentrate which is diluted with water to form an emulsion.
2.1 Composition of active ingredients: 1 ~ 60%; emulsifier: 3 ~ 10%; water: make up to 100%.
2.2 Processing oily active ingredients and emulsifiers are mixed, added to water, and thoroughly stirred by a homomixer to form an emulsion having a particle size of several micrometers.
2.3 Technical difficulties focus on the appearance stability and chemical stability of the formulation.
2.4 Features Compared with emulsifiable concentrate, it has the following characteristics: eq \o\ac(â—‹,1) 1 Replaces a large amount of organic solvent with water; eq \o\ac(â—‹,2) 2 Reduces the toxicity of pesticide preparations; eq \o \ac(â—‹,3) 3 Safe for people and the environment; eq \o\ac(â—‹,4) 4 High flash point, not easy to burn; eq \o\ac(â—‹,5) 5 Reduces residue on crops ; eq \o\ac(â—‹,6) 6 The emulsifier used is equivalent to that in the emulsifiable concentrate, but it saves a lot of organic solvent, and the cost of the preparation is greatly reduced; eq \o\ac(â—‹,7) 7 is equivalent or Slightly better than the cream preparation. Take 20% fenvalerate water emulsion and 50% acetochlor water emulsion as an example. Results of the efficacy test of 20% fenvalerate water emulsion against cabbage caterpillars. Drug name on the first day after drug control (%) Day 3 after drug control (%) Day 7 after drug control (%) 20% cyanide Permethrin water emulsion 30g/mu 75.82 82.77 81.10 20% fenvalerate emulsifiable concentrate 30g/mu 71.43 79.04 76.81 50% acetochlor water emulsion to control rapeseed field weed field efficacy test results (30 days plant control effect) Pleurotus ostreatus (%) Swine cockroach, cockroach control effect (%) Other broadleaf weed control (%) Total broadleaf weed control (%) Total weed control (%) 50% B Oxalide water emulsion 100ml / mu 94.56 82.59 81.42 83.85 90.777 50% acetochlor EC 100ml / mu 86.30 74.53 80.95 75.44 82.45
2.5 Main varieties 20% fenvalerate water emulsion, 50% acetochlor water emulsion, 45% prochloraz aqueous emulsion, 4.5% high-efficiency cyanide water emulsion, 60% butachlor water emulsion, 6.9% Hummer water emulsion , 5% S-fenvalerate aqueous emulsion, and the like.
3 Water capsule suspension agent The water capsule suspension agent refers to a small sphere having a particle diameter of several micrometers to several tens of micrometers which is contained in the capsule wall material in the active ingredient (core material).
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