First, the fertilization period
During the whole life of the crop, nutrients and water are continuously absorbed from the soil through the large root system to meet the needs of different growth stages. However, the demand for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients in crops is different in different growth stages. In some cases, there are few periods, and some periods are many. In order to save fertilizer and improve fertilizer efficiency, the fertilizer effect should be optimized by the choice of fertilization period.
Most crops have two key fertilization periods, one is the critical period of nutrition, mostly in the seedling stage. For farmland with low soil fertility, applying fertilizer is a way to improve fertilizer efficiency. The other is called the maximum efficiency period of crop nutrition, that is, the period when the crop needs more fertilizer and the fertilization effect is obvious, such as the wheat jointing stage, the big bell stage of corn and the flowering and boll period of cotton are all key periods for topdressing nitrogen fertilizer. Better yield increase effect. However, the specific fertilization time should be determined according to the soil fertility status and crop growth.
Second, the fertilization position
In general, it is not only the amount of fertilizer applied and the proportion of nutrients that determine the level of crop yield, but also the method and location of fertilization. Therefore, paying attention to fertilization methods and paying attention to fertilization position is also an important part of fertilization technology. For example, whether it is ammonium nitrogen or nitrate nitrogen or amide urea, the soil should be applied deeply. Generally, the depth of more than 8 cm can reduce the loss of ammonia. Nitrate nitrogen should not be used as a base fertilizer, and it should be prevented from leaching with water when topdressing. For cropping crops such as corn and cotton, pay attention to the position of fertilization when topdressing. Generally, the fertilizer should be applied to the side of the plant or the side of the plant, and should not be placed at the base of the stem of the plant so that the fertilizer can be absorbed and utilized by the crop in time.
Third, the fertilization method
In order to meet the nutrient demand of the whole growth period of the crop, it is often necessary to apply fertilizer several times, which can generally be achieved by means of base fertilizer, seed fertilizer and top dressing. The specific fertilization method should be arranged according to the actual situation. For crops with long growth period such as wheat and spring maize, in addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer, topdressing should be carried out in stages; for crops with short growth period (early rice, vegetables, etc.), the method of re-application of base fertilizer and early topdressing can be adopted; Poor farmland, in addition to the application of organic fertilizer as the base fertilizer, the rational application of seed fertilizer is of great significance, and at the same time appropriate topdressing; for wheat, corn, due to grab, rush to plant, can not apply the base fertilizer, can be used for early fertilizer, re-application The way of high nitrogen fertilizer.
The choice of fertilization method must be based on the characteristics of crop growth and nutrition, as well as the local soil, climate and cultivation techniques, and can be reasonably matched to form a combined fertilization system.
During the whole life of the crop, nutrients and water are continuously absorbed from the soil through the large root system to meet the needs of different growth stages. However, the demand for nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium nutrients in crops is different in different growth stages. In some cases, there are few periods, and some periods are many. In order to save fertilizer and improve fertilizer efficiency, the fertilizer effect should be optimized by the choice of fertilization period.
Most crops have two key fertilization periods, one is the critical period of nutrition, mostly in the seedling stage. For farmland with low soil fertility, applying fertilizer is a way to improve fertilizer efficiency. The other is called the maximum efficiency period of crop nutrition, that is, the period when the crop needs more fertilizer and the fertilization effect is obvious, such as the wheat jointing stage, the big bell stage of corn and the flowering and boll period of cotton are all key periods for topdressing nitrogen fertilizer. Better yield increase effect. However, the specific fertilization time should be determined according to the soil fertility status and crop growth.
Second, the fertilization position
In general, it is not only the amount of fertilizer applied and the proportion of nutrients that determine the level of crop yield, but also the method and location of fertilization. Therefore, paying attention to fertilization methods and paying attention to fertilization position is also an important part of fertilization technology. For example, whether it is ammonium nitrogen or nitrate nitrogen or amide urea, the soil should be applied deeply. Generally, the depth of more than 8 cm can reduce the loss of ammonia. Nitrate nitrogen should not be used as a base fertilizer, and it should be prevented from leaching with water when topdressing. For cropping crops such as corn and cotton, pay attention to the position of fertilization when topdressing. Generally, the fertilizer should be applied to the side of the plant or the side of the plant, and should not be placed at the base of the stem of the plant so that the fertilizer can be absorbed and utilized by the crop in time.
Third, the fertilization method
In order to meet the nutrient demand of the whole growth period of the crop, it is often necessary to apply fertilizer several times, which can generally be achieved by means of base fertilizer, seed fertilizer and top dressing. The specific fertilization method should be arranged according to the actual situation. For crops with long growth period such as wheat and spring maize, in addition to applying sufficient base fertilizer, topdressing should be carried out in stages; for crops with short growth period (early rice, vegetables, etc.), the method of re-application of base fertilizer and early topdressing can be adopted; Poor farmland, in addition to the application of organic fertilizer as the base fertilizer, the rational application of seed fertilizer is of great significance, and at the same time appropriate topdressing; for wheat, corn, due to grab, rush to plant, can not apply the base fertilizer, can be used for early fertilizer, re-application The way of high nitrogen fertilizer.
The choice of fertilization method must be based on the characteristics of crop growth and nutrition, as well as the local soil, climate and cultivation techniques, and can be reasonably matched to form a combined fertilization system.
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