Turning tools and applications Turning tools are the most widely used single-edged tool. It is also the basis for learning and analyzing various types of tools. The turning tool is used on various lathes to process outer circles, inner holes, end faces, threads, and slots. According to the structure, the turning tool can be divided into an overall turning tool, a welding turning tool, a machine clamping turning tool, an indexable turning tool and a forming turning tool. Among them, the application of indexable turning tools is increasingly widespread, and the proportion in turning tools is gradually increasing.
1. Carbide welding turning tool The so-called welding type turning tool is to open the sipe on the carbon steel arbor according to the geometrical requirements of the tool, and weld the cemented carbide insert into the sipe with solder, and according to the selected The turning tool used after the geometric parameters are sharpened.
Second, the machine clamp cutter is a utility knife that uses a common blade to clamp the blade on the cutter bar by mechanical clamping. This type of knife has the following characteristics:
(1) The blade is not subjected to high-temperature welding, which avoids defects such as hardness drop and cracking caused by welding, and improves the durability of the tool. (2) Due to the increased durability of the tool, the use time is longer, the tool change time is shortened, and the production efficiency is improved.
(3) The tool holder can be reused, which not only saves steel but also improves the utilization rate of the blade. The blade is recycled by the manufacturer, which improves economic efficiency and reduces tool cost.
(4) After the blade is reground, the size will gradually become smaller. In order to restore the working position of the blade, a blade adjustment mechanism is often provided on the turning structure to increase the number of re-grinding of the blade.
(5) Pressing the end of the platen used for the blade can function as a chip breaker.
Third, the indexable turning tool The indexable turning tool is a machine clamping knife that uses an indexable insert. After a cutting edge is blunt, it can be quickly indexed and replaced with an adjacent new cutting edge to continue working until all the cutting edges on the blade have been blunt, and the blade is scrapped and recycled. After replacing the new blade, the turning tool can continue to work.
1. Advantages of indexable tools Compared with welded tools, indexable turning tools have the following advantages:
(1) High tool life Since the blade avoids defects caused by welding and sharpening high temperature, the tool geometry is completely guaranteed by the blade and the cutter groove, and the cutting performance is stable, thereby improving the tool life. (2) High production efficiency Because the machine tool operator no longer sharpens the knife, the auxiliary time such as stop tool change can be greatly reduced. (3) It is conducive to the promotion of new technologies and new processes. The indexable knives are conducive to the promotion of new tool materials such as coatings and ceramics. (4) Conducive to reducing tool cost Due to the long service life of the tool bar, the consumption and inventory of the tool bar are greatly reduced, the tool management is simplified, and the tool cost is reduced.
2. Clamping characteristics and requirements of indexable turning blade:
(1) High positioning accuracy After the blade is indexed or replaced with a new one, the change of the tool tip position should be within the allowable range of the workpiece accuracy.
(2) The blade clamping is reliable. The blade, the knife pad and the tool bar contact surface are closely fitted to withstand the impact and vibration, but the clamping force should not be too large, and the stress distribution should be uniform to avoid crushing the blade.
(3) Smooth chip removal The blade is preferably free from obstacles on the front side to ensure smooth discharge of chips and easy to observe.
(4) It is convenient and quick to use to change the blade and replace the new blade. Compact for small size tool structures. When the above requirements are met, the structure is as simple as possible, and the manufacturing and use are convenient.
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