Overall plan According to the site requirements, the stud bolt wrench is determined by the power, clutch, gearbox, frame, sleeve operating mechanism, reversing operating mechanism, and traveling mechanism. Through the clutch and transmission connection, the power is transmitted to the gearbox, and the clutch can cut off the power. The gearbox is geared to realize the change of the rotational speed, and the horizontal rotary motion is converted into the vertical rotary motion by the bevel gear, and the rotation direction of the output shaft is changed by the reversing operation mechanism. The reversing mechanism sets three positions: positive, negative and middle.
When the working sleeve is tightened in the forward direction, the jaw clutch achieves torque control. When the nut is loosened in the reverse direction, the engagement angle of the upper and lower clutches is a right angle, and the torque cannot be adjusted. When the nut is tightened in the forward direction, the upper and lower clutch meshing teeth are beveled teeth, and the torque value is changed by adjusting the preload of the spring. The main transmission route is shown as 1. The main technical parameters: speed: 100r / min or 150r / min tightening torque (adjustable): 80-170N.m torque control accuracy: 10% loose torque: greater than 2 × 300N.m three, each part of the design selection 1.
As a line maintenance equipment, power is more difficult to handle because of the long working distance and inconvenient equipment handling. One is to ensure sufficient power, and the other is to ensure a low weight. Based on the above two points, it is determined that the internal combustion engine is used as the power. Due to the weight and noise of the diesel engine, although it has the advantages of low price, good economical use and convenient maintenance, it is still not suitable. The gasoline engine has the outstanding characteristics of light weight and low noise. With the localization of the gasoline engine, its purchase price has been reduced, and it has been widely used. Therefore, it was decided to use a gasoline engine.
The final sleeve requires a loosening torque of 300 N.m for a single head, a rotational speed of 100150 rpm, and a required power N = T x n / 9550 = 3.14 kw. Considering the transmission efficiency problem, the GX200 gasoline engine is selected. The gasoline engine has a power of 4.8kw, a rotational speed of 3,600 rpm, an output torque of 12.1 Nm, and a weight of 16 kg.
The clutch is provided with a clutch between the power and the working machine, and the purpose is to realize the transmission and disengagement of power and motion when starting the gasoline engine, realizing the commutation and working. Centrifugal clutches are selected for operability, reliability, and safety.
The transmission ratio of the GX200 gasoline engine is 3600 rpm, the output speed is 100150 rpm, the low speed total transmission ratio = 3600/100 = 36, and the high speed total transmission ratio = 3600/150 = 24.
The shifting mechanism has a tightening torque of 80170 N.m and a loosening torque of not less than 300 N.m according to the line operation. Since the output of the gasoline engine is basically stable, the design of the rotational speed must be designed according to the maximum torque. This will inevitably result in lower speed and lower efficiency during tightening operations. In order to improve the efficiency of the operation, we have designed a shifting mechanism that can provide both high and low speeds and torques depending on the operation and line status. The shifting mechanism is realized by means of fixed gears and sliding jaws. The structure is shown in 2.
The reversing mechanism design reversing mechanism mainly provides two functions: one is to achieve the positive and negative rotation of the output; the other is to achieve a larger transmission shift. Based on the above two points, it was decided to adopt the sliding jaw and spiral bevel gear transmission design. Sliding jaws enable reliable commutation, compact structure and easy operation. Spiral bevel gears have a large modulus, the minimum number of teeth can be as low as 7 teeth, and the extreme can reach 3 teeth. Therefore, it is easy to realize a transmission with a large transmission ratio and a large torque, and at the same time, it has a small structural size, and its structure is shown in 3.
The torque control mechanism is designed with a torque control mechanism that can be used with multiple disc hydraulic clutches and safety jaw clutches. The multi-disc hydraulic clutch controls the axial pressure of each friction disc by the change of the hydraulic pressure. When the transmitted torque is greater than the friction torque of the friction disc, the slip occurs and the overload protection is realized. The scheme has high control precision, complex structure and high failure rate.
After the completion of the assembly of the prototype, after many tests and comparison with the existing bolt wrenches, the work efficiency is obviously improved, the labor intensity of the workers is reduced, the torque consistency is also guaranteed, and the intended design goal is basically achieved, which is worthy of widespread promotion. application.
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