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Monocrystalline silicon manufactured by LCZ method
When manufacturing monocrystalline silicon
Comparison of Single Crystal Silicon Fabricated by LCZ Method and Monocrystalline Silicon Fabricated by Conventional Method
Japan's Tohoku University, FTB Research Institute, and Industrial Technology Research Institute announced on March 23, 2016 that it has developed a low-cost manufacturing technology for high-quality monocrystalline silicon. Basically, it is not necessary to make new investments to produce single-crystal silicon with a higher quality than before, and to realize the production of high-efficiency solar cells at a low cost.
In the single crystal silicon manufacturing method, people are more familiar with the "CZ method", the raw silicon is melted using a round crucible made of quartz glass, and the silicon melt is pulled up to become a crystal. However, the temperature of the silicon melt is about 1,400 degrees, and convection occurs in the crucible, resulting in melting of the quartz crucible wall. Therefore, the produced silicon crystal contains impurities such as oxygen and heavy metals.
Among the high quality single crystal silicon manufacturing methods, the most famous is the "MCZ method." This method focuses on the fact that the silicon melt is a liquid metal, and a magnetic field is applied from the crucible to suppress convection. However, the MCZ method requires the use of a superconducting magnet device and is not suitable for a solar cell application that requires no cost reduction.
The "LCZ method" developed this time uses a special treatment of the inner wall surface (liquid layer, Liquinert layer) to repel the melt enthalpy. Without the use of a magnetic field, the use of the common CZ method can suppress the melting of the crucible, so that high-quality single crystal silicon can be manufactured at a lower cost. This time, LCZ method was successfully used to produce practical 200mm diameter single crystal silicon.
The quality of single crystal silicon can be quantitatively measured by the physical time of LifeTime. The results of the use period measurement show that the single crystal silicon produced by the LCZ method has the same or higher quality as the MCZ crystal. Moreover, silicon substrates were fabricated using LCZ silicon, and standard solar cells were prototyped. As a result, it was found that the conversion efficiency can be increased by at most 1.03 times as compared with solar cells using conventional crystalline silicon (monocrystalline silicon produced by the CZ method).
In the future, we will expand the production equipment for liquid helium expansion in accordance with the demand to reduce the helium cost. In addition, we will also focus on the development of manufacturing technology, improve the technology for liquid helium and crystal growth, and meet the mass production demand for higher-quality crystalline silicon, contributing to a power generation cost target of 14 yen/kWh by 2020. (Special Contributor: Kudosuke)
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