As the saying goes, "the fertilizer is applied in all seasons, the most important thing in the fall", "the day before the fall, the ten days of the coming year". Fruit trees in the year after germination, pumping, flowering, and results, consume a lot of nutrients, before and after fruit picking, timely implementation of the basic fertilizer, the restoration of the tree, winter and cold protection and the second year of high quality and high yield is important effect.
First, the benefits of autumn application of base fertilizer, the temperature and ground temperature are relatively high, which is conducive to the release of organic fertilizer and nutrient release, the fertilizer effect is easy to play, the root system absorbs quickly; and the spring application and winter application base fertilizer, due to the cold weather, low temperature The fertilizer effect cannot be played quickly. When the organic fertilizer exerts the fertilizer effect, it often causes the secondary growth of the new shoots of the fruit trees, which is unfavorable for the formation and fruiting of the flower buds of the fruit trees. Autumn is the peak of the third growth of apple tree roots. At this time, the root system of fertilization and burrowing will quickly heal and restore, and promote new roots. At the same time, loosening the soil of the orchard will facilitate the activities of microorganisms, enhance the ability of roots to absorb water and fertilizer, and increase the body's ability. Nutrient accumulation, promote the robustness of the tree, resist the winter cold and early spring frost, overcome the fruit tree years and years of results. In the autumn, the quick-acting nutrients can be absorbed by the fruit trees in the same year, which increases the accumulation of nutrients in the fruit trees, so that the roots, shoots and stems are stored in rich nutrients, laying a material for the germination of the fruit trees, further differentiation of flower buds, flowering, and fruit set rate in the coming year. Basic and improve the quality of the fruit. In addition, when applying the fertilizer in the autumn, the soil is partially fertilized, and some of the garden soils are turned upside down. Some underground pests and cockroaches are dried to the ground, which can be eaten by birds or birds or caused by sudden changes in the environment, so that the pests of fruit trees are greatly reduced. It can also increase the content of soil organic matter, maintain a good agglomerate structure, improve soil physical and chemical properties, and reduce or avoid soil degradation.
Second, the application of autumn fertilizer fertilizer should be based on the farmer's fertilizer containing more organic matter (according to the determination: cow dung contains 14.5%, horse manure 21%, pig manure 15%, sheep manure 31.4%, manure 19.8% Mainly, this is the basic fertilizer for long-term supply of various nutrients in fruit trees. The application of high-quality organic fertilizer can loosen the soil, improve soil water retention, fertilizer retention and soil aeration, and improve the stress resistance of fruit trees. Commonly applied fertilizers are: compost, manure, green manure, crop straw, weeds, etc. After being put into use, it can be fully utilized to give full play to the advantages of the autumn fertilizer. Due to the slow decomposition of organic fertilizer and long-term fertilizer effect, appropriate amount of available nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer should be added. For orchards with micronutrient deficiencies in fruit trees, micro-fertilizers should be applied in a targeted manner.
The fertilization methods mainly include annular ditch application, radiation ditch application, and whole garden application. The annular groove is used to dig an annular groove on the outer edge of the crown projection, with a groove depth of 30-50 cm. This method is mostly used for saplings, and the position of the annular groove should be shifted outward each year as the canopy expands. The radiation ditch is centered on the trunk and divides the trench along the horizontal root extension direction, generally 4-6, and the ditch is as wide as the annular groove, 1-1.5 m from the trunk. The depth of the groove gradually deepens from the inside to the outside, and the inside is narrow and wide. This method has fewer roots and is suitable for adult fruit trees. The whole garden is suitable for fertilization in adult orchards and densely planted orchards. The fertilizer will be evenly removed from the garden, and the soil will be turned into the soil in combination with the depth of 20-25 cm. This method of fertilization can be widely absorbed by the roots. However, the application depth is shallow, which tends to cause the roots to float.
It is better to use the autumn fertilizers sooner or later. It is better to harvest the autumn fruits before the leaves. It is difficult to absorb the fertilizers that are applied too late, causing waste, and the tree roots will be weak due to the slow healing of the roots, which will affect the flowering of the fruit trees in the coming year. Sitting fruit. Anyone who has not completed the autumn fertilization before the falling of the fruit trees must be completed before the land is frozen. The specific time should be different depending on the type of fruit tree. Generally, apples, pear trees, etc., should be applied in late September; peach trees, grapes, etc. can be completed in October and before freezing.
Third, pay attention to fertilization trenching should not be too shallow, otherwise it will easily cause the roots to float, which is not conducive to fruit trees drought and cold. The applied organic fertilizer must be decomposed. Do not directly apply raw manure or raw chicken manure, otherwise it will burn the roots, causing the tree to weaken, die or induce rot. Watering should be done after fertilization with water source conditions to facilitate root absorption. After watering, the surface should be loosened when it is semi-dry, which will reduce the evaporation of water and help to protect the surface. The application of trace element fertilizers should be carried out in a targeted manner according to the abundance of trace elements in the orchard. Do not apply excessive amounts to avoid poisoning. Avoid applying chlorine-containing fertilizers, so as not to affect the yield and quality, and even cause root tip death. In severe cases, the whole plant will die.
First, the benefits of autumn application of base fertilizer, the temperature and ground temperature are relatively high, which is conducive to the release of organic fertilizer and nutrient release, the fertilizer effect is easy to play, the root system absorbs quickly; and the spring application and winter application base fertilizer, due to the cold weather, low temperature The fertilizer effect cannot be played quickly. When the organic fertilizer exerts the fertilizer effect, it often causes the secondary growth of the new shoots of the fruit trees, which is unfavorable for the formation and fruiting of the flower buds of the fruit trees. Autumn is the peak of the third growth of apple tree roots. At this time, the root system of fertilization and burrowing will quickly heal and restore, and promote new roots. At the same time, loosening the soil of the orchard will facilitate the activities of microorganisms, enhance the ability of roots to absorb water and fertilizer, and increase the body's ability. Nutrient accumulation, promote the robustness of the tree, resist the winter cold and early spring frost, overcome the fruit tree years and years of results. In the autumn, the quick-acting nutrients can be absorbed by the fruit trees in the same year, which increases the accumulation of nutrients in the fruit trees, so that the roots, shoots and stems are stored in rich nutrients, laying a material for the germination of the fruit trees, further differentiation of flower buds, flowering, and fruit set rate in the coming year. Basic and improve the quality of the fruit. In addition, when applying the fertilizer in the autumn, the soil is partially fertilized, and some of the garden soils are turned upside down. Some underground pests and cockroaches are dried to the ground, which can be eaten by birds or birds or caused by sudden changes in the environment, so that the pests of fruit trees are greatly reduced. It can also increase the content of soil organic matter, maintain a good agglomerate structure, improve soil physical and chemical properties, and reduce or avoid soil degradation.
Second, the application of autumn fertilizer fertilizer should be based on the farmer's fertilizer containing more organic matter (according to the determination: cow dung contains 14.5%, horse manure 21%, pig manure 15%, sheep manure 31.4%, manure 19.8% Mainly, this is the basic fertilizer for long-term supply of various nutrients in fruit trees. The application of high-quality organic fertilizer can loosen the soil, improve soil water retention, fertilizer retention and soil aeration, and improve the stress resistance of fruit trees. Commonly applied fertilizers are: compost, manure, green manure, crop straw, weeds, etc. After being put into use, it can be fully utilized to give full play to the advantages of the autumn fertilizer. Due to the slow decomposition of organic fertilizer and long-term fertilizer effect, appropriate amount of available nitrogen fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer should be added. For orchards with micronutrient deficiencies in fruit trees, micro-fertilizers should be applied in a targeted manner.
The fertilization methods mainly include annular ditch application, radiation ditch application, and whole garden application. The annular groove is used to dig an annular groove on the outer edge of the crown projection, with a groove depth of 30-50 cm. This method is mostly used for saplings, and the position of the annular groove should be shifted outward each year as the canopy expands. The radiation ditch is centered on the trunk and divides the trench along the horizontal root extension direction, generally 4-6, and the ditch is as wide as the annular groove, 1-1.5 m from the trunk. The depth of the groove gradually deepens from the inside to the outside, and the inside is narrow and wide. This method has fewer roots and is suitable for adult fruit trees. The whole garden is suitable for fertilization in adult orchards and densely planted orchards. The fertilizer will be evenly removed from the garden, and the soil will be turned into the soil in combination with the depth of 20-25 cm. This method of fertilization can be widely absorbed by the roots. However, the application depth is shallow, which tends to cause the roots to float.
It is better to use the autumn fertilizers sooner or later. It is better to harvest the autumn fruits before the leaves. It is difficult to absorb the fertilizers that are applied too late, causing waste, and the tree roots will be weak due to the slow healing of the roots, which will affect the flowering of the fruit trees in the coming year. Sitting fruit. Anyone who has not completed the autumn fertilization before the falling of the fruit trees must be completed before the land is frozen. The specific time should be different depending on the type of fruit tree. Generally, apples, pear trees, etc., should be applied in late September; peach trees, grapes, etc. can be completed in October and before freezing.
Third, pay attention to fertilization trenching should not be too shallow, otherwise it will easily cause the roots to float, which is not conducive to fruit trees drought and cold. The applied organic fertilizer must be decomposed. Do not directly apply raw manure or raw chicken manure, otherwise it will burn the roots, causing the tree to weaken, die or induce rot. Watering should be done after fertilization with water source conditions to facilitate root absorption. After watering, the surface should be loosened when it is semi-dry, which will reduce the evaporation of water and help to protect the surface. The application of trace element fertilizers should be carried out in a targeted manner according to the abundance of trace elements in the orchard. Do not apply excessive amounts to avoid poisoning. Avoid applying chlorine-containing fertilizers, so as not to affect the yield and quality, and even cause root tip death. In severe cases, the whole plant will die.
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