“The main feature of this machine tool is that it has a fundamental change from special goals, technical routes to management mechanisms.†On February 11, several senior experts from China Machine Tool Industry Association participated in the formulation of major special implementation plans. China Industrial News reporter unanimously stressed in an interview.
A special project to meet the demand According to the special plan, by 2020, 80% of the high-end CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment required for aerospace, shipbuilding, automobile and power generation equipment manufacturing will be based in China.
The special goal determines that the special project is an industrial specialization. Industry experts agree that “technology is the primary productive force, but if it does not form productivity, it does not matter first. In addition, based on meeting domestic demand, whether it will abandon the catch-up advanced level. What? No! This is precisely to pursue the highest level of health, health and sustainability."
The goal is to shift from scientific research to demand-based, which determines that the technical route, organization route and management mechanism of the special implementation need to be fundamentally changed to ensure the correct implementation of the technical route proposed by the major special projects.
The major special technical routes put forward the implementation principles of “host traction, strengthening the foundation; tracking leapfrogging, integrating innovation; mastering core technologies, enhancing innovation capabilities; encouraging use, demand pullingâ€. In this regard, the relevant experts explained: "Why is the technical route based on the main engine for traction, based on functional components, and supported by basic technology? If the demand is the ultimate goal, the mainframe will not be towed, and the basic technology will be used for traction. Is it out of the market and on paper? The factory needs basic technology and functional components, but the ultimate goal is to create a high-level machine, so this is determined by the specific goal. However, it is not just the host, the host is the function. The components, so the functional components are the foundation. In addition, you have to produce a high level of host and functional components, must have a high level of basic commonality technology to support. Not to ignore the functional components, nor do not pay attention to the basic, common technology, just mutual The position is right."
Experts pointed out: "A very important goal of the special project is to block imports. Now a large number of high-end CNC machine tools are flooding into China. Therefore, it is necessary to track the leap and integrate innovation, which is relative to the original innovation. There is no need for original innovation and theoretical breakthroughs, but starting from the domestic situation, more needs to integrate innovation, so that we can meet the needs of industrialization more quickly."
In terms of management mechanism, the special project also reflects competition. Experts believe that: "As long as it is a nationality, whether it is a business or a college or a university, whether it is state-owned or private, whether it is a large enterprise or a small enterprise, it should be fair, open and fair competition."
It is reported that the special tenders are generally divided into three forms, for the very few products that only a few enterprises can produce, the “preferred entrustment†is implemented; for the individual products that a few enterprises can produce, the “preferred bidding†is implemented; for most enterprises in the industry, there are conditions. The products developed and developed shall be subject to open bidding according to the bidding guidelines. Experts pointed out that the bidding work must be open and transparent, and it is necessary to absorb the opinions of the majority of experts and listen to the opinions of enterprises and users.
Six measures to ensure special implementation The relevant experts used the “most support since the founding of the country†to describe the impact of special projects on the industry. The expert believes that financial support is only a symbol, and the country is also very energetic. From research, preparation of special plans, re-investigation to revision of special plans, it lasted for three years.
After waiting for three years, I hoped for three years. When the economic situation was overwhelming, the special project started. This is tantamount to the machine tool industry. So, what substantial benefits will the special project bring to the industry? The experts introduced the relevant supporting measures to the reporter, and there were six articles.
1. The first set of special-purpose mainframes and supporting numerical control systems and functional components shall be jointly proposed by the “production, study and research†parties to be included in the “application demonstration projectâ€. After the expert demonstration and the approval of the leading group, the relevant departments and relevant units shall support and Implement the application and give special support to the “application demonstration project†funds in the special funds.
Second, after the first set of products has been successfully tested and approved by experts, the product is listed in the Catalogue of Independent Innovation of Government Procurement. All major national construction projects and projects using high-quality CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment using financial funds are The relevant departments should promise to use the new domestic products as the conditions for the declaration.
3. Enterprises that use domestically developed and produced high-end CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment should adopt accelerated measures such as accelerated depreciation to accelerate and expand their application in the domestic market.
4. When bidding for high-end CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment government procurement projects, the bidder shall not specify the matching parts and CNC system brands and manufacturers to create fair competition opportunities for domestically produced equipment.
Fifth, expand the sources of financing sources. In addition to providing moderate financial support and self-raised funds from the central and local governments, the following financing channels should be considered: making full use of financial institutions and financial markets for loan financing, providing financial interest subsidies for loan financing; Risks and various types of investment funds and institutional investors and other diversified capital entry; attract private and private funds to actively participate in investment.
Sixth, for high-end CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment and high-end CNC systems that are not available in China and need to be imported, insist on using domestic market resources as a bargaining chip, bidding domestic demand, and conducting business negotiations and technical negotiations simultaneously to ensure domestic energy. Master the complete design and manufacturing technology. The products developed through digestion and absorption and innovation are prioritized in the demonstration project plan, and the state gives priority support.
It is not easy to achieve the special goal. At present, the market share of domestic high-end CNC machine tools is less than 10%. It is unrealistic to set the target to be 80% domestically. Relevant experts told China Industry News: "The 80% here refers to the variety satisfaction, not the market share. Now most high-end machine tools cannot be produced domestically and need to be imported. Of course, there are cases where they can be produced without the user's willingness to adopt. In the four major fields of aerospace, shipbuilding, automobile and power generation equipment with major special services, the current grade satisfaction of high-end CNC machine tools is 10% to 15%, and the satisfaction degree of basic manufacturing equipment is 30% to 35%."
Experts said that in view of the current weak development capability of China's CNC machine tool industry, the professional supporting system has not yet formed, the development of functional components is lagging, the level of product automation is low, the reliability and accuracy are poor, and the major targets have been put forward: 2020 In the year, the company developed the independent development capability of the main products of high-end CNC machine tools and basic manufacturing equipment. The overall technical level entered the international advanced ranks, and some of the products were internationally leading; the establishment of complete functional components research and development and supporting capabilities; the formation of enterprises as the main body, production, study and research Combine the technical innovation system; cultivate and establish a high-quality research and development team.
In addition, major projects have also set phase targets for 2010 and 2015.
The program is very scientific and the key to implementation In 2006, the National Development and Reform Commission issued a soft topic to the China Machine Tool Industry Association and the China Academy of Mechanical Sciences. This is the beginning of major special research. On April 15, 2007, the special implementation plan began to be compiled, and 11 versions were released. After many experts' arguments, it was released in 2008.
Relevant experts said: "The special program has concentrated wisdom in all aspects. This plan is different from the previous one. The objectives, guiding ideology and route are more suitable for the current situation of China's machine tool industry, and more closely combined with the needs of China's current economic development."
In order to scientifically formulate a special program, only the Machine Tool Association organized five major studies for this purpose. The first survey was conducted in June 2005. According to the requirements of the National Development and Reform Commission, the association organized 24 experts and divided them into 7 groups to investigate 110 machine tool industry enterprises.
In March 2006, the association organized 15 experts to conduct research on 29 military enterprises in three regions.
In November 2006, it mainly investigated the technological transformation, independent innovation capability, major new products, key technologies and application demonstration projects of the industry enterprises at that time. The survey had the greatest impact on the preparation of the special program. At that time, the field and the letter were mainly used. The database was established based on the information provided by the company. Later, many of the key tasks listed in the special project were based on the survey.
In April 2007, the association organized experts to divide 10 routes and conducted field research on 153 units, including industry enterprises and user enterprises. The content was to collect recommendations and requirements for major special projects.
In May 2008, prior to the expert's argumentation, the association organized a survey to verify whether the technical indicators of the special project met the current urgent needs of the four service areas and the expectations beyond 2020.
Experts from the Machine Tool Association told the reporter: “Special preparation actually mobilized a large number of enterprise experts, and more than 100 projects have project proposals. If 10 companies can produce the products, let each company submit a proposal, and finally Aggregate analysis to identify industry-leading indicators."
"In the process of special preparation, we summarize the lessons learned from the machine tool research since the 6th Five-Year Plan. The two core sentences are: taking the host as the traction and taking the enterprise as the main body. If the research and demand are out of line, the results can not solve the actual demand. Going to import, hundreds of billions of yuan will soon be used up, but the national strategy has failed. This is a lesson from the failure of investment projects in some countries." Experts believe that "why the Japanese and German machine tool industry is developing fast?" It is because people's scientific research is for industrialization. The important research institutions of the machine tool industry in advanced countries such as Japan and Germany are all in large enterprises. Large enterprises lead the industry development, basic research is in universities, and applied research is in enterprises. The State Council recently introduced equipment. This issue is also addressed in the manufacturing revitalization plan. An innovation system combining production, education, and research with enterprises as the main body is established, and research institutes are encouraged to enter enterprises."
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