Foliar fertilization of crops is a fertilization technical measure with high fertilizer utilization rate and low dosage, and is economical and effective. It has the advantages of supplementing mineral nutrition, saving fertilizer, quick effect, and increasing protein content of grain.
First, the effect of different vegetable leaf fertilization
1, leafy vegetables. Nitrogen is required for each growth stage, and the foliar fertilizer is mainly urea. The general spraying concentration is 2%, 50 kg per mu, and spraying 2-4 times in the middle and late stages. Spraying 0.1% concentration of borax solution once in the middle can prevent celery stem cracking, spinach short stature, Chinese cabbage rotten leaf disease, and generally increase production by 15%-30%.
2. Melons and fruits. In the growing season, the needs of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are relatively balanced. Foliar fertilization should be mainly applied with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be 0.5% concentration, 50 kg per mu, spray in the middle and late stages. Apply 3-5 times, generally increasing production by 8.6% or more. Cucumber spray foliar fertilizer, such as "Sifu" foliar fertilizer, in the case of conventional fertilization, use 1.5 kg of "Sifu" foliar fertilizer per hectare, 450 kg of water, spray the first time in the initial flowering period, after Spraying once every 10 days, spraying a total of 3 times, can make cucumber plants grow robust, enhance stress resistance, prolong the results period, improve commerciality, increase single fruit weight by 44.3%, melon length increase by 19.4%, meat thickness increases 16.7%, early production increased by 39.3%, and total production increased by 37.8%.
3, roots and stems. Foliar fertilization should be based on potassium fertilizer, sprayed with 0.2% or 10% potassium ash and 3% superphosphate mixed leaching solution, 50 kg per acre, 3-4 times in the middle and late stages. In addition, the radish sprays 0.1% boric acid solution in the seedling stage and the root expansion period, and the dosage of 40 kg per mu can prevent brown heart disease, and generally increase the yield by 17%-29%.
Second, foliar fertilization technology
The longer the fertilizer aqueous solution applied to the foliage, the longer it stays on the blade, the more beneficial it is to improve the utilization. Therefore, under the hot sun at noon, the effect of spraying on a windy day is poor, and it is better to do it before 9 o'clock or after 16 o'clock. Due to the different needs of different vegetables for certain nutrients, the various nutrients in different plots are also different, so the effect of using different fertilizers on the foliage of different regions is also different. At the same time, in the actual production, you need to pay attention to the following issues.
1. Do not mix foliar fertilizers at will. When foliar fertilization of vegetables, it is not advisable to apply a variety of foliar fertilizers at the same time or spray them today, and spray them tomorrow. Because foliar fertilizer generally has no additive effect, at the same time, a variety of foliar fertilizers will affect each other and weaken the effect of fertilizer. Therefore, a certain amount of foliar fertilizer should be applied in a certain period of time.
2. Do not increase the concentration at will. Foliar fertilizer generally only has a yield increase effect of 10%-15%, and its spraying concentration generally does not exceed 5%-10%, which is beneficial to the absorption of fertilizer by the leaves. The concentration is too high, which is not only unfavorable for the absorption of the leaves, but also causes The "burn" of the leaves reduces the crop yield. Therefore, in actual practice, the application concentration cannot be arbitrarily increased.
3, can not replace other fertilizers such as fertilizer. Although there are many advantages in fertilization outside the roots, there are certain limitations that cannot replace soil fertilization. The large amount of elements needed for vegetables should still be based on soil fertilization. Because of foliar fertilization, the concentration of the solution is high, which will damage the leaves; the concentration is low, which cannot meet the requirements of a large amount of vegetables for fertilizer. In addition, the sprayed solution easily evaporates in the air, which is not conducive to the absorption of mineral elements.
4. Pay attention to the part of fertilization. Different mineral elements have different ability to move in plants. Spraying minerals with poor mobility should pay attention to spraying on the parts of fertilizer, and increase the number of spraying. For example, iron should be sprayed on young leaves to get good results, as well as calcium, zinc and boron fertilizers. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, and zinc fertilizers can be sprayed to increase the absorption area.
First, the effect of different vegetable leaf fertilization
1, leafy vegetables. Nitrogen is required for each growth stage, and the foliar fertilizer is mainly urea. The general spraying concentration is 2%, 50 kg per mu, and spraying 2-4 times in the middle and late stages. Spraying 0.1% concentration of borax solution once in the middle can prevent celery stem cracking, spinach short stature, Chinese cabbage rotten leaf disease, and generally increase production by 15%-30%.
2. Melons and fruits. In the growing season, the needs of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizers are relatively balanced. Foliar fertilization should be mainly applied with phosphorus and potassium fertilizers. Spraying potassium dihydrogen phosphate should be 0.5% concentration, 50 kg per mu, spray in the middle and late stages. Apply 3-5 times, generally increasing production by 8.6% or more. Cucumber spray foliar fertilizer, such as "Sifu" foliar fertilizer, in the case of conventional fertilization, use 1.5 kg of "Sifu" foliar fertilizer per hectare, 450 kg of water, spray the first time in the initial flowering period, after Spraying once every 10 days, spraying a total of 3 times, can make cucumber plants grow robust, enhance stress resistance, prolong the results period, improve commerciality, increase single fruit weight by 44.3%, melon length increase by 19.4%, meat thickness increases 16.7%, early production increased by 39.3%, and total production increased by 37.8%.
3, roots and stems. Foliar fertilization should be based on potassium fertilizer, sprayed with 0.2% or 10% potassium ash and 3% superphosphate mixed leaching solution, 50 kg per acre, 3-4 times in the middle and late stages. In addition, the radish sprays 0.1% boric acid solution in the seedling stage and the root expansion period, and the dosage of 40 kg per mu can prevent brown heart disease, and generally increase the yield by 17%-29%.
Second, foliar fertilization technology
The longer the fertilizer aqueous solution applied to the foliage, the longer it stays on the blade, the more beneficial it is to improve the utilization. Therefore, under the hot sun at noon, the effect of spraying on a windy day is poor, and it is better to do it before 9 o'clock or after 16 o'clock. Due to the different needs of different vegetables for certain nutrients, the various nutrients in different plots are also different, so the effect of using different fertilizers on the foliage of different regions is also different. At the same time, in the actual production, you need to pay attention to the following issues.
1. Do not mix foliar fertilizers at will. When foliar fertilization of vegetables, it is not advisable to apply a variety of foliar fertilizers at the same time or spray them today, and spray them tomorrow. Because foliar fertilizer generally has no additive effect, at the same time, a variety of foliar fertilizers will affect each other and weaken the effect of fertilizer. Therefore, a certain amount of foliar fertilizer should be applied in a certain period of time.
2. Do not increase the concentration at will. Foliar fertilizer generally only has a yield increase effect of 10%-15%, and its spraying concentration generally does not exceed 5%-10%, which is beneficial to the absorption of fertilizer by the leaves. The concentration is too high, which is not only unfavorable for the absorption of the leaves, but also causes The "burn" of the leaves reduces the crop yield. Therefore, in actual practice, the application concentration cannot be arbitrarily increased.
3, can not replace other fertilizers such as fertilizer. Although there are many advantages in fertilization outside the roots, there are certain limitations that cannot replace soil fertilization. The large amount of elements needed for vegetables should still be based on soil fertilization. Because of foliar fertilization, the concentration of the solution is high, which will damage the leaves; the concentration is low, which cannot meet the requirements of a large amount of vegetables for fertilizer. In addition, the sprayed solution easily evaporates in the air, which is not conducive to the absorption of mineral elements.
4. Pay attention to the part of fertilization. Different mineral elements have different ability to move in plants. Spraying minerals with poor mobility should pay attention to spraying on the parts of fertilizer, and increase the number of spraying. For example, iron should be sprayed on young leaves to get good results, as well as calcium, zinc and boron fertilizers. Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, magnesium, and zinc fertilizers can be sprayed to increase the absorption area.
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