[Fire Truck] Analysis and Countermeasures of Influencing Factors in Actual Combat of Ascending a High Fire Truck

Abstract : In view of the problems existing in the actual combat of ascending the high fire fighting vehicles, the main influencing factors of the high fire fighting vehicles climbing rescue are listed and analyzed, and the specific countermeasures to solve the influencing factors and the proposals close to actual combat are put forward.

Key words: high-rise buildings; high fire trucks; climbing rescue; influencing factors; countermeasures

With the development of economy and society, high-rise buildings have emerged in a large number of cities, and the probability of fires that accompany high-rise buildings has also gradually increased. In the fire-fighting and rescue, the emergence and application of high-power fire engines is particularly important, but Restricted factors for high fire trucks to ascend are also becoming more prominent. In order to better play the role of lifting high-level fire engines in fire fighting and climbing rescue in high-rise buildings, the author combines working experience from laws and regulations, building fire protection design, lifting high-fire engine performance, fighting fires, and emergency rescue. Analyze the main factors that affect high fire trucks' ascending and rescue, and put forward specific countermeasures and reasonable suggestions.

1 Influence Factors and Analysis of High-level Firefighters' Escalation

Iveco 32m high jet engine

After some high-rise buildings were put into use, problems such as the inaccessibility of high-power fire fighting vehicles, the lack of close proximity, and the inability to display open occurred, resulting in the inability of fire fighting vehicles to carry out firefighting and rescue operations. This is mainly due to the fact that the development of high-power fire engines is currently becoming “high, heavy, and heavy”, resulting in various constraints on the external environment, construction of fire climbing surfaces, deployment of venues, fire lanes, turning radius, rescue methods, etc. Impact.

1 . 1 Rescue site limited

The climbing rescue site refers to one or more sites that are reasonably planned out of the high-rise building to be used for lifting, performing, and operating the fire trucks. In actual high-rise building rescue work, the operation site for high-height fire trucks to ascend and rescue will determine the effective implementation and implementation progress of the ascent rescue. As far as domestic high-elevation fire engines are concerned, their length × width is about 15 m × 8 m , and the structural shape is becoming larger and larger. It is difficult to meet the requirement of 5 m < <10 m from the external wall of the building during field work . Many cases have shown that the issue of setting up high-rise fire fighting vehicle ascent sites for high-rise buildings has become a key factor related to the success or failure of fire brigade climbing assistance. In addition, the ground on which the high fire trucks are ascended and rescued usually has groundwater, gas, and cable lines. It is necessary to consider whether the structure of the cement cover can meet the lifting weight of the high-elevation fire truck, and the ground needs to be smooth without any gradient.

1 . 2 Fire lane width is insufficient and turning radius is too small

The minimum turning radius of a high fire truck refers to the radius of the trajectory of the outside of the front wheel of the fire truck following the circular curve when the high fire truck is turning. Generally, the turning radius of domestic light -duty fire trucks is more than 7 m , that of domestic medium-sized fire trucks is more than 9 m , and that of domestic heavy-duty fire trucks is more than 12 m . According to the current domestic various fire-fighting vehicle dimensions and production specifications, currently, the general height of fire-fighting vehicles is about 13 m . It is difficult to guarantee the smooth passage of high fire trucks at the corners of the 4 m wide fire lane specified in the relevant regulations. , In turn, it will have an impact on the rescue of high fire trucks. At the same time, the space for transporting high fire trucks around some special high-rise buildings is not sufficient, and it will also affect the rescue work in different degrees.

1 . 3 Stretching heights become a bottleneck for climbing rescue

The height of the height-raising rescue of a high fire truck is the vertical height of the floor of the manned platform from the ground when the ascent ladder is raised to the maximum height. In the actual rescue of the ascent, due to the impact of various factors on the rescue scene and the personal safety of the firefighters on the passenger platform, the lift ladder of the high-fire engine cannot be raised to the maximum height. Therefore, the maximum rescue of the high-fire engine is recommended. Height can not fully play its role. The highest rescue height of the world’s high fire trucks is only 101 m , and the height of the rescue is beyond the reach of high lift trucks. For example, the United Arab Emirates “Dubai Tower” has built 162 floors and is 828 meters high ; the Shanghai Global Finance Building has 104 floors ( including 3 underground floors ) and is 492 meters high ; Taipei City 101 has built 106 floors ( including 5 underground floors ) . The height of 480 m is higher, and the higher the height of the fire extinguishing vehicle is, the greater the amount of wind load it bears. The amount of wind will increase in proportion to the height of the elevation, causing the rescue platform to swing too far and unable to carry out rescue work. In addition, the higher the cost of lifting high fire engines, the higher the use of high fire engines due to expensive repair, maintenance, fuel costs, the frequency of use is not high.

1 . 4 lift high fire truck performance and actual out of touch

In recent years, governments at all levels have paid more attention to fire safety work, and the height of fire fighting vehicles equipped for fire fighting units has also increased. However, the quantity, quality, and ascending height of fire fighting vehicles purchased cannot represent fire fighting. The combat effectiveness of the troops has increased in proportion, and even at some times, the heights, number of equipment, and foreign imports of high-fire trucks have been blindly used as platforms for improving the combat effectiveness of fire-fighting forces, often ignoring actual combat value and application performance. In order to satisfy the market, raw manufacturers are aiming to produce higher and larger high-elevation fire engines, which will affect the fire speed, driving speed, and on-site deployment of fire engines, and they will not be able to meet the requirements of the fire brigade. Responsiveness and rapid deployment of forces required in the rescue mission.

1 . 5 The design of high-rise building needs to be inconsistent with that of lifting fire trucks

Some construction and construction units cater to the effects of modern architecture design, increase visual impact, and often neglect the need for safe deployment of high-rise fire trucks to ascend and rescue while paying attention to the appearance of high-rise buildings. High-rise buildings set up large-area glass curtain walls, billboards, and even design high-rise buildings as special shapes such as mountain-type and concave-type, which is extremely detrimental to the need for safe deployment of high fire trucks. In general, high fire trucks weigh about 50 tons . Even if they share in four supporting points, the pressure on the ground is large enough. This requires the ground carrying capacity of the rescue rescue site to be large enough. Some urban complex buildings are surrounded by various underground facilities. If the concrete slabs covered by them are not further reinforced, it is difficult to meet the requirements for lifting high fire trucks.

2 Measures to improve the status quo of lifting high fire trucks to ascend

According to the analysis of the main influencing factors of the current high firefighters' ascending, the improvement of the high firefighters' ascending rescue work and the improvement of the success rate and efficiency of the ascendant rescue should improve relevant standards and regulations and increase the number of high firefighters to ascend. Operation site requirements, specific countermeasures are as follows.

2 . 1 Fire truck turning radius design

During the actual lifting of high fire trucks, the turning radius of high fire trucks is a major factor. In order to ensure the smooth development of high fire trucks, the high-rise buildings need to consider the urban fire lanes in the design process. Width and turning radius, rational setting of circular fire lanes, high-rise building fire lanes and lifting high fire truck turning radius should be set according to actual test conditions.

2 . 2 high-rise building exterior wall setting

For the high-rise building's external wall setting along the direction of the ascending plane, a number of factors that affect the height-raising and rescue of fire-fighting vehicles should be comprehensively considered. When designing a high-rise building, the building structure that can achieve the fastest evacuation plan should be selected, and full consideration should be given to lifting the fire. The maximum efficiency of car ascent. A high-rise building facade can be set up with an evacuation staircase that leads into the interior of a high-rise building. The high-rise building facade and the high-rise building's ascending surface should be comprehensively considered. It is not appropriate to install a large-area glass curtain wall or a giant billboard on the high-rise building's ascending surface. The obstacles that affect the height of the rescue are set up, and the doors, windows, and holes that meet the firefighter's height rescue by raising fire engines are installed at appropriate positions and distances. The height of the emergency refuge of the high-rise building must meet the requirements of lifting the height of the fire truck platform. Height for timely rescue.

2 . 3 Comprehensive consideration of the site environmental factors for climbing rescue

There are a number of factors in the on-site situation in which a high-power firefighter can ascend and rescue, and the ascending plane is just one of them. When taking a high fire truck to perform an aerial rescue operation, the site environment should be fully and comprehensively considered. For example, favorable positions for climbing rescue, instantaneous wind speed and direction of the site, ground slopes, space obstacles, reasonable positions of fire hydrants, pumps, water hoses, and laying lines of joints, etc., to avoid conflict between fire fighting vehicles that cooperate with combat and high fire fighting vehicles to ascend. . At the same time, there must be clear indication signs for the high-fire trucks to climb the rescue site, pointing out important parts such as pipelines, basements, and cables that the high-fire truck support points should avoid.

2 . 4 Based on actual combat to optimize performance

The training mode for ascending and assaulting high fire trucks must start from actual combat, enhance the overall ability to lift high-level fire trucks to ascend, and carry out emergency rescue, high-altitude water supply, equipment transportation, and coordination under different circumstances in order to improve the performance of high-fire engines. Combat and other practical links, in-depth study of the techniques and tactics of taking high fire trucks to ascend, standardize the combat procedures for lifting high fire trucks to ascend and rescue, and give full play to the maximum efficiency of high fire trucks.

2 . 5 Improve the quality of firefighters

The quality of the operators of high fire trucks has a direct impact on the winning role of high-elevation fire trucks in climbing rescue. The acceptance of lift trucks and personnel training are the key. Therefore, the technical personnel of the manufacturer of high-fire trucks should be strengthened to provide special training to the fire officers and soldiers, and under the guidance of experts, the training work should be effective. At the same time, we have formulated a long-term mechanism for the training of high-fire truck operators, popularized the use of high-level fire engines, maintained common sense, cultivated and trained top-notch high-quality firefighters, and strengthened regular training for high fire trucks, and regularly All combat officers examined the relevant theoretical knowledge of high fire trucks.

2 . 6 Strengthen the lifting of high fire truck maintenance

For high fire trucks, comprehensive maintenance is required to ensure their performance and durability. The routine maintenance rules for high fire trucks are formulated. The experts are regularly invited to maintain the high fire trucks, and regularly check whether the various systems in the vehicle are in good condition and check the inside of the vehicle. Accessories, check the oil level of the fuel tank, strictly implement the maintenance and maintenance procedures for high fire trucks, and implement the normalized mechanism for supervision and inspection.

3 Conclusion

Taking a high fire truck is a winning weapon for fire fighting units to handle all kinds of emergency and heavy duty tasks. Domestic fire fighting units are now equipped with a large number of high lift fire fighting vehicles. However, there are differences in the systemization and standardization of the use of high fire fighting vehicles. Therefore, there is a need for Combine high-rise building design, operation site and other factors to conduct comprehensive analysis, improve the design of high-rise buildings, scientifically and rationally allocate equipment for high-level fire trucks to ascend and rescue, firmly establish the concept of talents first, and cultivate and train high-firing trucks Talented people insist on starting from the actual situation of lifting high fire trucks to ascend and provide strong protection for high fire trucks to ascend and rescue, and promote the healthy and harmonious development of the economy and society.

The information in this article comes from the Internet and was reorganized and edited by China Rescue Equipment Network.