Phytic acid is a widely occurring natural phosphorus-containing organic compound found in large quantities in fruits and many plant seeds. Plant feed is an important part of the diet of single stomach livestock (pig, chicken). Phosphorus is mainly in the form of phytate phosphorus, which accounts for 60% to 80% of total phosphorus, and this part of phosphorus must be planted. Under the hydrolysis of acid enzymes, the phosphorus that becomes free can be absorbed and utilized by monogastric animals.
In general, phytase activity in monogastric animals is extremely low, and phytate phosphorus is difficult to use for livestock. In order to meet the phosphorus requirements of livestock and poultry, inorganic phosphorus must be added to the feed, but this increases the cost, and the large amount of organic phosphorus discharged from the feces causes serious pollution to the soil and water. In the economic and environmental considerations, adding appropriate amount of phytase to livestock and poultry diets is an effective measure to solve this problem.
Phytase has biological activity. By catalyzing and hydrolyzing the rich phytic acid and its complexes in the feed to decompose inorganic phosphorus and inositol, it can make livestock and poultry use phosphorus more effectively in feed, reduce phosphorus emission in feces, and reduce Environmental pollution; at the same time reducing the addition of inorganic phosphorus, reducing costs. At present, a large number of experimental studies at home and abroad have shown that the addition of phytase in poultry and pig diets (especially low-efficiency phosphorus diets) has clearly proved to be effective. Adding phytase to pig feed can increase the utilization rate of phosphorus by 50% to 70% and the content of fecal phosphorus by 30% to 50%. Adding phytase to chicken feed can increase the utilization rate of phosphorus by 20% to 40%. . Adding phytase to the bean cake type diet reduces the amount of phosphorus in the excreta by 17% to 42%, which not only improves the utilization of phytate phosphorus, but also has a protective effect on the environment.
Phytic acid is often combined with minerals in plant feeds, such as phytic acid-potassium-magnesium double salt in rice and wheat, and mainly in the form of calcium-magnesium-potassium complex salt in soybean seeds. Affect the absorption and utilization of mineral elements by livestock and poultry. A large number of test results show that the addition of phytase to the low-level inorganic phosphorus diet of chicken can release some trace elements and nutrients, increase the absorption of phosphorus, calcium, copper and zinc, and facilitate the mineralization and promotion of bones. The broiler grows.
Phytase is a new type of green feed additive, which can not only reduce the environmental pollution caused by fecal excretion of phosphorus, but also relieve the anti-nutritional effect of phytic acid and improve the availability of various mineral elements, proteins and amino acids in feed.
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