The formulation is a combination of various raw materials, which is a major factor affecting the PDI of the pellet feed durability index. Studies have shown that the proportion of formulas in various influencing factors is about 40% (Liu Peimin, 2003). The contribution rate of the various raw material components in the formulation to the whole PDI is different. According to the contribution rate of different raw materials to PDI, Boerner (1992) gives different particle quality coefficients (PQF) for some commonly used raw materials. See Table 1). The larger the particle mass coefficient, the stronger the particles produced, the higher the PDI, and vice versa. As shown in Table 1, bentonite and lignin have higher PQF and are generally used as binders. For example, acid oils, PQF is -40, indicating that the more components of oils and fats, the looser the particles are. The lower the PDI of the particles. A reasonable formula, both to consider the nutritional needs, but also to consider the quality of the pellets. A feed formulation recommended by Boerner (1992) should have a particle mass factor of at least 4.7.
Different nutrients and levels in the raw materials and sources also have different effects on PDI. Starch is one of the main nutrients in the feed. Generally, the raw starch is not easy to be granulated, and the granules are relatively loose. However, if the gelatinization is carried out by hydrothermal action, the granulation performance is greatly improved, and the prepared granules have a smooth surface. After cooling, the particles are tightly bound, and the PDI of the particles is higher. Starch from different sources has different effects on PDI. Generally, barley and wheat starch have better granulation performance than corn and sorghum because of the different structure of starch. Protein is also the main nutrient component in feed. Natural protein has good plasticity under hydrothermal action. The prepared granules are tight and firm, and PDI is high. However, if the protein content in the formula is too high, it will affect the absorption of steam. Granular properties are degraded. In addition, if the formula is an additional non-protein egg (such as urea), it will affect the quality of the produced particles. For the fiber component in the feed, a small amount (3% to 5%) of the fiber is generally advantageous for the quality of the particles. Due to the mutual attraction of the fibers, the prepared particles have high hardness and are not easily broken, but the fiber content in the formulation is relatively high. Due to its own elasticity and water swelling, the produced particles are prone to cracks and are easily broken to produce fine powder. The fat component in the formula, if it is the fat contained in the raw material itself, such as soybean meal, has less influence on the PDI of the pellet and is beneficial to granulation, which can reduce the wear on the mold. If it is added fat, it will have a greater impact on the PDI of the granules, and the granules produced will be looser and more fine. Generally, the added fat should not exceed 3%, and more needs to be added by post-spraying.
Flap Wheels
Flap wheel, in general will devide in to 2 types: flap wheel with shaft and Chuck Flap Wheel .
Aluminium Oxide Chuck Flap Wheels are an ideal choice for a wide variety of blending, deburring and finishing applications common in the metal fabrication, welding and polishing industries.flap wheels are conformable to intricate shapes and contours. designed to deliver a consistent finish with a uniform rate of cut, flap wheels wear away, continually exposing fresh abrasives.
Flap Wheel With Shaft
Mounted Flap Wheel are a general-purpose tool effectively used in a vide variety of applications ranging from weld removal and deburring to final finishing. They are specially to provide the versatility required in a modern metal-working factory. Providing an optimal finish on both stainless steel and non-ferrous metals.
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