1. The reason for "jumping"
(1) Variable speed transmission wear The W4-60 type excavator uses a mechanical shifting and shifting transmission mechanism. This transmission mechanism relies on the sliding toothed sleeve on the fixed toothed sleeve for axial movement and the driven gear of each gear. Engaged to achieve shifting. In the frequent shifting process, the end faces of the gear teeth of the above-mentioned meshing gears are easily ground into a taper, resulting in a decrease in the meshing performance and a "jump".
(2) The performance of the self-locking mechanism is reduced to prevent the transmission from "jumping". The excavator is in the cover hole of the II, III and IV, V shift fork shafts of the transmission and in the I and reverse shift forks. Both have a self-locking steel ball and spring. When the spring that is positioned and self-locking is weakened or broken, the self-locking performance of the self-locking mechanism will decrease until it disappears, causing the transmission to "jump". At the same time, if the groove on the positioning steel ball or the fork shaft wears, it can also cause the transmission to "jump".
(3) Improper adjustment of the shifting device The transmission of the excavator adopts a mechanical manual shifting mode. If the shifting lever, the longitudinal shaft, the horizontal shaft and the vertical fixing screw are loose, the transmission may be "jumped".
(4) Abrupt change of external load Due to the working nature of the excavator and the design of the machine itself, sudden changes in the external load will also cause the transmission to "jump". When the road surface is uneven, the machine is downhill or the driving route is improper, the external load suddenly changes. The sudden change of the load will act on the gear meshing gear of the transmission through the wheel and the transmission shaft, so that the gear meshes the gear. Disengaged due to axial thrust, causing the transmission to "jump".
(5) Operation method When the excavator is driving on a slope (especially when driving downhill), if it is not operated properly, it will also cause the transmission to "jump".
2. Preventive measures
(1) Operate in strict accordance with the operating procedures and driving instructions, and try to avoid "toothing" when shifting gears to reduce the wear of gear pairs.
(2) Strictly implement the maintenance system and strengthen the maintenance of the shifting device. When the linkage of the shifting device is not properly connected, it should be adjusted in time to ensure good performance of the shifting device.
(3) Pay attention to the maintenance and maintenance of the self-locking mechanism, and fix the positioning ball or spring and the fork shaft for the positioning function or the positioning efficiency, so that the self-locking performance of the self-locking mechanism is in a good state. .
(4) When assembling the transmission, it should be operated strictly in accordance with the operating procedures to ensure that the adjustment of the various parts of the transmission is correct and appropriate. When the road is downhill, the driver should strictly follow the action of the downhill movement, and must not violate the rules.
3. Emergency disposal method
During the running of the excavator, if the transmission "jump" occurs, the machine should be stopped (or continue to drive) in time, and then the cause should be found to eliminate the fault. The specific method is:
(1) When there is a "jump" on the flat road, you can stop the machine according to the normal shutdown method, carefully find the cause and eliminate the fault.
(2) “Break†appears when driving uphill, the position of the gear can be in the low-speed position or the first gear position, and the standby device stops when it reaches the top of the slope to eliminate the fault; if the downshift is unsuccessful or appears again When the jumper is used, it should be stopped according to the action method of the ramp stop and the required stop, and then the fault is eliminated.
(3) “Break†appears when driving on the downhill road, and should be in the high-speed position according to the action of the upshift or adopt the “grab†(emergency downshift) measure. After the standby device travels to the bottom of the slope Then stop the inspection to eliminate the fault; if the "additional", "grab" is unsuccessful or once again "jump" (this time is neutral), the driver can control the engine speed at medium speed (to prevent the engine from stalling) Use the "point brake" method to slide the machine to the bottom of the slope and then troubleshoot. If "addition", "snap" is unsuccessful or "jump" again (in this case, neutral), and the machine is on the next big ramp (the machine will go to the bottom at a very fast speed) Dive "), should quickly follow the action and requirements of the downhill shutdown, and then deduct the fault.
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