Dr. Huang Guangming, Jianming China Senior CLS Manager
Since the discovery of antibiotics, it has been widely used by humans, and its role in improving animal performance is certain, but at the same time, there is more and more controversy as a long-term use of feed additives.
The need for the use of an antibiotic
In recent years, the problem of drug resistance in antibiotic application in livestock and poultry farming has become more and more prominent, the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria has intensified, and the application cost has been rising. According to the People’s Daily, the total output of antibiotics used in livestock and poultry farming in China reached 92,000 tons, accounting for 46.1% of the total antibiotic production. The number of veterinary antibiotics in China is four times that of the United States, resulting in food antibiotic residues and resistance. The probability of drug-borne bacteria has also increased significantly. According to a study published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 149 unique antibiotic resistance genes (ARG) were found in commercial pig farms in China. Some ARG levels were 192 for control samples. Up to 28,000 times. However, the research and inhibition of these resistant bacteria by human beings can not keep up with the speed of the emergence of new resistant bacteria, thus increasing the difficulty for humans and animals to treat diseases, posing a great threat to human health and causing serious public problems. disturbed.
In this context, the industry is investing more attention in the field of probiotics for the intestinal health of animals. Probiotics have many advantages such as no toxic side effects, no residue, promotion of animal growth, and improvement of feed conversion rate. They are green additives using animal intestinal beneficial microorganisms as the main component approved by the Ministry of Agriculture. Europe, Japan, the United States, etc. have been researching and promoting probiotic feed additives. At present, probiotics are added to feeds of pigs, cattle, chickens and rabbits in EU countries, with a penetration rate of 95%; the penetration rate of micro-ecological feeds in Japan and the United States has also reached 50%.
Common confusion of two probiotics replacing antibiotics
In China's practical application, probiotics did not show the expected results. The industry is generally skeptical about the use of probiotics instead of antibiotics. The root causes are as follows:
1 probiotic products are not good
The system of probiotics is very complex, based on various theories and practices, and the characteristics of different strains vary greatly. Even the same strains, different strains, their characteristics and functions are often very different, which is also reflected in the significant difference in the actual application effect.
The Ministry of Agriculture approved more than 30 species of feed microbial addition catalogues. More than 400 companies in the market are engaged in the production of forage microbial preparations. The total output of various microbial feed additives is between 5,000 and 30,000 tons. The levels are uneven. Probiotics are often used as "placebo" in practical applications due to the lack of corresponding assessment methods and means to verify their effectiveness.
2 Probiotics to replace antibiotics is not clear
Antibiotics are also a wide variety. Different antibiotics have different antibacterial spectrum. When probiotics are used instead of antibiotics, which probiotics to replace which antibiotics are completely or partially replaced, many feed enterprises and aquaculture companies are doing these. When making decisions, I often feel that I can't start.
3 Probiotics use is unstable
The stability of probiotics is determined by the nature of the strain itself. Is it suitable for use in feed, does the strain have good resistance to stress and can withstand the effects of high-temperature granulation? Can the strain tolerate the physiological environment of acid and bile salts in the feeding process? Compared with antibiotics, these bacteria Significant differences in stability, blind use without evaluation, can easily lead to unsatisfactory results.
4 The impact of compatible drugs
Intestinal health management is often a comprehensive drug compatibility program, and no probiotic is compatible with all drugs and doses. In practical applications, blind use of probiotics due to lack of systematic compatibility testing is likely to result in incompatibility with other drug combinations in the feed. Reflected in the specific effects, it will be greatly reduced.
Proper selection of probiotics and reduction of the use of antibiotics, although urgent, can not be blind. Scientifically evaluating and selecting probiotics can bring you real benefits and benefits.
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