With the approval of the State Council, the National Development and Reform Commission, the National Energy Administration, and the Ministry of Finance and other 15 ministries and commissions issued the "Implementation Plan for Expanding the Production of Biofuel Ethanol and Promoting the Use of Ethanol Gasoline for Vehicles" on September 13, 2017 (Development and Reform Energy [2017] ] No. 1508). According to the requirements of this "program", by 2020, China will promote the use of ethanol gasoline for vehicles nationwide, and basically achieve full coverage.
In 2016, China will use 130 million tons of gasoline, and by 2020 it may reach 150 million tons of gasoline. If it is added by 10%, it will require about 15 million tons of fuel ethanol. In 2016, China's fuel ethanol production will reach 2.6 million tons, and in 2017 it may reach more than 300. Ten thousand tons. According to this calculation, by 2020, China needs to increase the production of fuel ethanol by more than 10 million tons! This is a challenge and an opportunity. The “Plan†clearly states that “the annual use of straw and forestry waste in China exceeds 400 million tons, and 30% can produce 20 million tons of biofuel ethanol. These are all provided for expanding biofuel ethanol production and consumption and achieving sustainable development. A reliable raw material guarantee."
After more than ten years of exploration, Beijing Tiandi Riyue Bio-Energy Technology Co., Ltd. has developed the utilization route of “green stalk juice extraction industrial syrup technology†(Science and Technology Achievement Registration No.: 6032015Y0405), its main contents are:
I. Resources and technology
China's corn planting area in 2014 was 37,123 thousand hectares ("China Statistical Yearbook 2015" 12-8 crops planted area), 1 hectare = 15 mu, 1 thousand hectares = 15,000 mu, so the corn planting area in 2014 was about 550 million mu ( 1.5 × 36318 ≈ 550 million). Corn is a high-stalk crop with a large straw area and a large number of crops. When the corn is harvested, the straw has a high water content, which is inconvenient to store and transport, and it is difficult to collect and concentrate after the straw is dry and disordered. This caused the farmers to plant corn to collect food but was unable to handle the straw. In order not to affect the cultivation of the lower crops, they had to burn it. Corn stover is incinerated and pollutes the air, causing smog. In recent years, the smog in autumn and winter in northern China is serious, mainly in the main corn producing areas, and corn stalk burning is one of the main culprit!
1. Corn stems and ears are combined. After the corn is matured, the corn and the ear are combined with the combine harvester, and the straw is harvested and collected while harvesting the corn. This reduces the labor intensity of corn harvesting and also improves the harvesting efficiency of straw.
2. Green fresh corn stalk juice. The corn stalks thus harvested have a high water content, high wet weight, and loose and disordered. The process uses a juice extraction device to perform solid-liquid separation, which is dehydrated and dried for the solid matter (slag), and the slag after dewatering is convenient for packaging, can be stored for a long time, and transported over long distance; for liquid substances (sugar juice) ) It is to squeeze sugar. When the corn is ripe, its straw contains a lot of sugar. The intuitive feeling is that these fresh corn stalks feel very sweet when chewed in the mouth.
3. Juice (sugar juice) is concentrated into industrial syrup. After the juice is filtered, the slag is filtered and the sediment is sedimented, and the sugar solution is concentrated to a syrup containing about 50% sugar. This syrup is mainly used for industrial fermentation. To distinguish it from edible syrup, we call this syrup an industrial syrup. Industrial sugar syrup containing 50% sugar is called standard industrial syrup, referred to as "standard pulp". This industrial syrup can fertilize many products, such as fuel ethanol, fuel butanol, and can be used as a fuel for automotive internal combustion engines instead of gasoline and diesel.
According to our company's many years of production practice, the average yield per mu of corn can produce 2 tons of fresh straw, the juice extraction rate of 60% can get 1.2 tons of sugar liquid, the sugar liquid contains an average of 10% sugar, 1.2 tons of sugar liquid can be concentrated into 0.24 tons of pulp. (2 x 60% x 10% ÷ 50% = 0.24). If China's 550 million mu of corn stalks use this technology, it can produce 132 million tons of standard pulp per year (0.24 × 550 million = 132 million). An average of 4.4 tons of standard pulp can produce 1 ton, and an annual output of 30 million tons (13200 ÷ 4.4 = 3000) of fuel ethanol.
At present, our company has built two pilot plants for producing industrial syrup with corn stalk juice in Zhungeer Banner of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Wucheng District of Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province.
Second, policy recommendations
Based on China's existing 550 million mu corn stalk resources and "green stalk corn stalk juice production industrial syrup process technology", our company recommends: top-level design from the national level, implementation of corn stalk storage and transportation system project, establish a long-term mechanism In the whole contiguous area of ​​corn planting, the corn and straw harvesting service station is constructed in a grid shape. The professional company (special equipment and facilities, professional staff) collects the straw while collecting corn for the farmers, and stores, loads, and transports the straw. Slag and juicing; the industrial syrup plant acquires and condenses the juice from multiple harvesting service stations in a certain area into a standard slurry; transports the pulp produced by several industrial syrup plants to a sugar alcohol energy source by pipe or tanker Chemical park, producing fuel ethanol, or fuel butanol, or energy chemical products such as citric acid, lactic acid, monosodium glutamate, xanthan gum, ethylene, acetic acid. The specific assumptions are:
1. Prepare the “Master Plan for the Storage and Storage System of Corn Straw†in the province (district). According to the resource status of high-stalk crops such as corn and sorghum in the province (region), plan the location and quantity of harvesting service stations, industrial syrup factories, sugar alcohol energy chemical parks, etc., and the resulting slag, syrup or fuel ethanol will first be absorbed in the jurisdiction. If there is wealth, then arrange to sell to other provinces and cities. The "Planning" is for the production of grain (corn), the environmental protection (straw banned burning), the liquid fuel for vehicles (fuel ethanol or ethanol gasoline for vehicles), the provincial (district) people's congress should form a resolution of the National People's Congress, Not to change due to changes in local leadership.
2. The corn stalk harvesting service station and industrial syrup factory mainly serve food production and are part of agricultural modernization. The land for permanent facility construction should be supplied by agricultural facilities. It is recommended to set up a service station for 20,000 mu, covering an area of ​​15 to 20 mu. If some service stations lose their original functions due to reduced corn planting area or technological advancement, the station should be revoked without compensation and the land restored to its original state (such as woodland or cultivated land).
3. The corn stalk harvesting station and the industrial syrup factory are self-built and self-operated by professional management companies. The government is responsible for the power supply path, and the electricity fee is settled according to agricultural electricity. The corn farmers and the harvest service station signed a “free corn harvest, straw free service station†agreement to determine harvest time, sequence, quality requirements and so on. If farmers are not willing to sign an agreement with the service station, they must sign an agreement with the local government on “stalks are not open burningâ€.
4. The corn stalk harvesting service station pays for the straw harvesting cost and profits by selling the slag and sugar juice. The slag is used for cattle and sheep feed, combustion power generation, paper making, etc., and the juice is sold to the nearby industrial syrup factory.
The sugar juice of 5.15~20 corn stalk harvesting service stations is collected and concentrated in an industrial syrup factory, and the distilled water produced is returned to the service station for irrigation water for the next year. Each syrup plant produces about 50,000 tons of standard pulp per year and covers an area of ​​about 100 acres.
6. A sugar alcohol energy chemical park will be built in an area with an annual output of about 5 to 10 million tons of standard pulp. For example, if fuel ethanol is produced, it can produce 100 to 2 million tons per year. Covers an area of ​​about 200 ~ 300 acres.
7. The construction of corn stalk harvesting service station is mainly based on private enterprises, giving full play to the enthusiasm of private capital private enterprises; the production of fuel ethanol is mainly state-owned enterprises, which is convenient for the regulation of vehicle liquid fuel. The production of industrial syrup is private, and storage requires state-run.
8. The entire industrial chain should not be financially subsidized as much as possible. Market financial support should be strengthened, such as listing financing, corporate bond financing, or government and corporate joint ventures to support public infrastructure (PPP). Increase the research and development of equipment and facilities required in all aspects of the industrial chain. The slag, sugar juice and syrup are treated as agricultural products, and no taxes or fees are charged.
9. Strengthen the research and development and market promotion of pure ethanol fuel internal combustion engines and ethanol gasoline flexible fuel internal combustion engines. The annual output of 30 million tons of fuel ethanol will account for 1â„4~1â„3 of the annual consumption of gasoline in China. Without these internal combustion engine vehicles to absorb, it is impossible to form a complete industrial chain.
10. We call the resources for the production of industrial syrup "sugar source", and there are still many sugar sources in China. For example, there are also 0.5 million mu of sorghum straw, 300 million mu of rice straw, 0.77 million mu of sweet potato leaf vine, and a large number of melon and inferior jujube, inter-forest fruit, vegetable residue, sugar cane leaf tip, beet stem Ye et al, these agricultural biomass can directly extract fermentable sugar to produce fuel ethanol.
More importantly, there are more than 1 billion mu of desertable, sandy, saline-alkali and low-yield arable land and degraded pastures in China. These land will be transformed into high-yield and high-sugar sweet sorghum to produce industrial syrup. It is expected to produce more than 1.2 billion tons of syrup per year. If fuel ethanol (equivalent to gasoline) and fuel butanol (equivalent to diesel) are produced, at least More than 200 million tons, can meet more than 60% of China's automotive fuel demand! This can not only control the desertification of the country, restore China's "three north" ecology, but also increase farmland to ensure national food security, energy security, and can also produce huge economic benefits. .
More specifically, with the growth of the industrial syrup and sugar alcohol energy chemical industry, we have copied this industrial chain to the “Belt and Road†and copied it to Africa, North and South America and Australia to solve the food problems in some countries. Such as Africa), can also mass produce sugar alcohol energy chemical products, and may eventually replace all petroleum energy and chemical industry! This will be an important contribution of China to all mankind!
In 2016, China will use 130 million tons of gasoline, and by 2020 it may reach 150 million tons of gasoline. If it is added by 10%, it will require about 15 million tons of fuel ethanol. In 2016, China's fuel ethanol production will reach 2.6 million tons, and in 2017 it may reach more than 300. Ten thousand tons. According to this calculation, by 2020, China needs to increase the production of fuel ethanol by more than 10 million tons! This is a challenge and an opportunity. The “Plan†clearly states that “the annual use of straw and forestry waste in China exceeds 400 million tons, and 30% can produce 20 million tons of biofuel ethanol. These are all provided for expanding biofuel ethanol production and consumption and achieving sustainable development. A reliable raw material guarantee."
After more than ten years of exploration, Beijing Tiandi Riyue Bio-Energy Technology Co., Ltd. has developed the utilization route of “green stalk juice extraction industrial syrup technology†(Science and Technology Achievement Registration No.: 6032015Y0405), its main contents are:
I. Resources and technology
China's corn planting area in 2014 was 37,123 thousand hectares ("China Statistical Yearbook 2015" 12-8 crops planted area), 1 hectare = 15 mu, 1 thousand hectares = 15,000 mu, so the corn planting area in 2014 was about 550 million mu ( 1.5 × 36318 ≈ 550 million). Corn is a high-stalk crop with a large straw area and a large number of crops. When the corn is harvested, the straw has a high water content, which is inconvenient to store and transport, and it is difficult to collect and concentrate after the straw is dry and disordered. This caused the farmers to plant corn to collect food but was unable to handle the straw. In order not to affect the cultivation of the lower crops, they had to burn it. Corn stover is incinerated and pollutes the air, causing smog. In recent years, the smog in autumn and winter in northern China is serious, mainly in the main corn producing areas, and corn stalk burning is one of the main culprit!
1. Corn stems and ears are combined. After the corn is matured, the corn and the ear are combined with the combine harvester, and the straw is harvested and collected while harvesting the corn. This reduces the labor intensity of corn harvesting and also improves the harvesting efficiency of straw.
2. Green fresh corn stalk juice. The corn stalks thus harvested have a high water content, high wet weight, and loose and disordered. The process uses a juice extraction device to perform solid-liquid separation, which is dehydrated and dried for the solid matter (slag), and the slag after dewatering is convenient for packaging, can be stored for a long time, and transported over long distance; for liquid substances (sugar juice) ) It is to squeeze sugar. When the corn is ripe, its straw contains a lot of sugar. The intuitive feeling is that these fresh corn stalks feel very sweet when chewed in the mouth.
3. Juice (sugar juice) is concentrated into industrial syrup. After the juice is filtered, the slag is filtered and the sediment is sedimented, and the sugar solution is concentrated to a syrup containing about 50% sugar. This syrup is mainly used for industrial fermentation. To distinguish it from edible syrup, we call this syrup an industrial syrup. Industrial sugar syrup containing 50% sugar is called standard industrial syrup, referred to as "standard pulp". This industrial syrup can fertilize many products, such as fuel ethanol, fuel butanol, and can be used as a fuel for automotive internal combustion engines instead of gasoline and diesel.
According to our company's many years of production practice, the average yield per mu of corn can produce 2 tons of fresh straw, the juice extraction rate of 60% can get 1.2 tons of sugar liquid, the sugar liquid contains an average of 10% sugar, 1.2 tons of sugar liquid can be concentrated into 0.24 tons of pulp. (2 x 60% x 10% ÷ 50% = 0.24). If China's 550 million mu of corn stalks use this technology, it can produce 132 million tons of standard pulp per year (0.24 × 550 million = 132 million). An average of 4.4 tons of standard pulp can produce 1 ton, and an annual output of 30 million tons (13200 ÷ 4.4 = 3000) of fuel ethanol.
At present, our company has built two pilot plants for producing industrial syrup with corn stalk juice in Zhungeer Banner of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region and Wucheng District of Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province.
Second, policy recommendations
Based on China's existing 550 million mu corn stalk resources and "green stalk corn stalk juice production industrial syrup process technology", our company recommends: top-level design from the national level, implementation of corn stalk storage and transportation system project, establish a long-term mechanism In the whole contiguous area of ​​corn planting, the corn and straw harvesting service station is constructed in a grid shape. The professional company (special equipment and facilities, professional staff) collects the straw while collecting corn for the farmers, and stores, loads, and transports the straw. Slag and juicing; the industrial syrup plant acquires and condenses the juice from multiple harvesting service stations in a certain area into a standard slurry; transports the pulp produced by several industrial syrup plants to a sugar alcohol energy source by pipe or tanker Chemical park, producing fuel ethanol, or fuel butanol, or energy chemical products such as citric acid, lactic acid, monosodium glutamate, xanthan gum, ethylene, acetic acid. The specific assumptions are:
1. Prepare the “Master Plan for the Storage and Storage System of Corn Straw†in the province (district). According to the resource status of high-stalk crops such as corn and sorghum in the province (region), plan the location and quantity of harvesting service stations, industrial syrup factories, sugar alcohol energy chemical parks, etc., and the resulting slag, syrup or fuel ethanol will first be absorbed in the jurisdiction. If there is wealth, then arrange to sell to other provinces and cities. The "Planning" is for the production of grain (corn), the environmental protection (straw banned burning), the liquid fuel for vehicles (fuel ethanol or ethanol gasoline for vehicles), the provincial (district) people's congress should form a resolution of the National People's Congress, Not to change due to changes in local leadership.
2. The corn stalk harvesting service station and industrial syrup factory mainly serve food production and are part of agricultural modernization. The land for permanent facility construction should be supplied by agricultural facilities. It is recommended to set up a service station for 20,000 mu, covering an area of ​​15 to 20 mu. If some service stations lose their original functions due to reduced corn planting area or technological advancement, the station should be revoked without compensation and the land restored to its original state (such as woodland or cultivated land).
3. The corn stalk harvesting station and the industrial syrup factory are self-built and self-operated by professional management companies. The government is responsible for the power supply path, and the electricity fee is settled according to agricultural electricity. The corn farmers and the harvest service station signed a “free corn harvest, straw free service station†agreement to determine harvest time, sequence, quality requirements and so on. If farmers are not willing to sign an agreement with the service station, they must sign an agreement with the local government on “stalks are not open burningâ€.
4. The corn stalk harvesting service station pays for the straw harvesting cost and profits by selling the slag and sugar juice. The slag is used for cattle and sheep feed, combustion power generation, paper making, etc., and the juice is sold to the nearby industrial syrup factory.
The sugar juice of 5.15~20 corn stalk harvesting service stations is collected and concentrated in an industrial syrup factory, and the distilled water produced is returned to the service station for irrigation water for the next year. Each syrup plant produces about 50,000 tons of standard pulp per year and covers an area of ​​about 100 acres.
6. A sugar alcohol energy chemical park will be built in an area with an annual output of about 5 to 10 million tons of standard pulp. For example, if fuel ethanol is produced, it can produce 100 to 2 million tons per year. Covers an area of ​​about 200 ~ 300 acres.
7. The construction of corn stalk harvesting service station is mainly based on private enterprises, giving full play to the enthusiasm of private capital private enterprises; the production of fuel ethanol is mainly state-owned enterprises, which is convenient for the regulation of vehicle liquid fuel. The production of industrial syrup is private, and storage requires state-run.
8. The entire industrial chain should not be financially subsidized as much as possible. Market financial support should be strengthened, such as listing financing, corporate bond financing, or government and corporate joint ventures to support public infrastructure (PPP). Increase the research and development of equipment and facilities required in all aspects of the industrial chain. The slag, sugar juice and syrup are treated as agricultural products, and no taxes or fees are charged.
9. Strengthen the research and development and market promotion of pure ethanol fuel internal combustion engines and ethanol gasoline flexible fuel internal combustion engines. The annual output of 30 million tons of fuel ethanol will account for 1â„4~1â„3 of the annual consumption of gasoline in China. Without these internal combustion engine vehicles to absorb, it is impossible to form a complete industrial chain.
10. We call the resources for the production of industrial syrup "sugar source", and there are still many sugar sources in China. For example, there are also 0.5 million mu of sorghum straw, 300 million mu of rice straw, 0.77 million mu of sweet potato leaf vine, and a large number of melon and inferior jujube, inter-forest fruit, vegetable residue, sugar cane leaf tip, beet stem Ye et al, these agricultural biomass can directly extract fermentable sugar to produce fuel ethanol.
More importantly, there are more than 1 billion mu of desertable, sandy, saline-alkali and low-yield arable land and degraded pastures in China. These land will be transformed into high-yield and high-sugar sweet sorghum to produce industrial syrup. It is expected to produce more than 1.2 billion tons of syrup per year. If fuel ethanol (equivalent to gasoline) and fuel butanol (equivalent to diesel) are produced, at least More than 200 million tons, can meet more than 60% of China's automotive fuel demand! This can not only control the desertification of the country, restore China's "three north" ecology, but also increase farmland to ensure national food security, energy security, and can also produce huge economic benefits. .
More specifically, with the growth of the industrial syrup and sugar alcohol energy chemical industry, we have copied this industrial chain to the “Belt and Road†and copied it to Africa, North and South America and Australia to solve the food problems in some countries. Such as Africa), can also mass produce sugar alcohol energy chemical products, and may eventually replace all petroleum energy and chemical industry! This will be an important contribution of China to all mankind!
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