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Anatomy of the sliding (smooth) bearing of the initiator (2)
Source: China Bearing Network Time: 2017-09-27
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1. Damage and damage appearance caused by poor smooth action:
When the smoothing effect of the shaft and the bearing bush does not meet the demand; there will be various fault characteristics. For example, the oil pressure is low; some of the shaft and the bearing bush will cause damage and damage to the sports appearance due to the conflict of the direct touch. At the moment, the outer surface of the shaft is blue. If the smooth oil fails or the pressure cannot be built up; the appearance of the movement completely loses the protection of the oil film; the direct touch touches the dry conflict. The temperature rises the alloy layer of the bearing shell to melt; The appearance of "wa"; not stopping in time will constitute more severe damage to the parts.
Causes of the attack: the oil level is too low or the smooth oil passage breaks, the oil suction filter, oil passage, oil hole is blocked, the oil pump wears or the oil suction line leaks, the pressure regulating valve and the pressure limiting valve are damaged, and the starter idles If the time is too long, the high-speed operation and full-load operation will be directly performed without the warming operation after the start-up of the start-up machine. After the full-load operation, if the temperature is high, it will stop without the empty load and low-speed operation; Heat buildup; temperature rise, no standard oil is selected according to the rules and the oil is replaced regularly.
2. There is water in the smooth oil; damage and damage to the shaft and bearing bush are formed:
The damage of the water in the smooth oil to the shaft and the bearing bush is more serious; because the water will make the smooth oil damper damage the oil film. The outer surface of the alloy layer of the bearing bush has a hole-like gray material at the margin of the conflict surface; and the black corrosion occurs on the alloy surface. The outer surface of the bearing alloy conflicts with irregular pits and some flakes.
Reasons for the seizure: the seal of the cylinder liner is poorly sealed; the coolant enters the crankcase, and the engine oil radiator is damaged; the oil and water are mixed, and when the smooth oil is added, there is water entering or the fuel filler port and the oil dipper are poorly sealed; the washing machine and the water when it is raining Entering the crankcase, there is water in the fuel entering the crankcase. So before each launch of the launching machine; be sure to check the oil level and oil quality of the smooth oil; this is necessary.
3. Damage to the shaft and bearing bush caused by fuel in the smooth oil:
After the fuel enters the crankcase, it will make the smooth oil change. æ¹ã‘浔〗 The legs are å€ å€ å€ å²· å²· å²· 嵬咴 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . The by-product of the incineration after fuel incineration; after being brought into the poorly ventilated crankcase by the fuel; the sulfuric acid produced will form a severe cavitation on the outer surface of the shaft.
The cause of the attack: the fuel supply of the fuel system is too large; the fuel injected into the incineration chamber cannot be completely incinerated, the intake air is blocked from the intake air amount; the fuel cannot be incinerated, the nozzle seal fails, the fuel enters the crankcase, and the fuel passage in the cylinder head There are blowholes or cracks in the pores, and the idling speed is too long; the temperature of the initiator is low and the fuel cannot be completely burned.
It is necessary to avoid damage and damage to the shaft and bearing bush caused by the smooth system:
A. In the absence of manual smoothing equipment; when the device is started, the outer surface of each shaft and bearing bush should be coated with the same sanitary smoothing oil as the operating label; after the device is started; the fuel switch is closed before the initial launch; The starter of the movement starts to idle several times; when the engine oil pressure gauge is activated; the fuel switch is turned on again; the throttle is set at medium and low speed; the initiator is initiated to conduct the operation investigation.
B. After the start of the captain's temporary deposit; the initial launch will also be initiated after the launch of the machine shares;
C. It is necessary to protect, view, and replace the smoothing oil and filter element at the time of the rule.
D. Initiating the smooth oily surface of the machine; it is necessary to be within the specification scale; it is necessary to sanitize the smooth oil and refueling; avoid the entry of any dirt and water; together ensure the sealing effect of the various parts of the machine.
E. Avoid starting the machine idling work too long; idle work can not exceed 5 minutes.
F. It is necessary to pass the medium-speed heating operation after the initiation of the machine; when the water temperature rises above 70 °C, it is put into operation.
G. After the start of the full-load operation, the initiator can't stop immediately; it is necessary to let the initiator idle for 15 minutes after the idle speed is turned on; otherwise the internal heat will not be released.
Third, improper use of the damage and damage:
1. Damage and damage appearance caused by long idling operation time: the outer alloy layer of the bearing bush; being kneaded and displaced, flanging and flake off.
The reason is: the idling speed of the initiator is too long; the initiator is operating below the normal operating temperature; the fuel injected into the incineration chamber cannot be completely incinerated; and some fuel that has not been incinerated flows into the crankcase along the cylinder wall; The smooth oil oil film drops smooth. The idling speed is low; the oil pump oil supply. The é©® é©® èŠåµ¬å‘¤èŠ°Î¡ç »å¬—胫岬 èŠåµ¬å‘¤èŠ°Î¡ç »å¬—胫岬 åµ› åµ› 赡Σ 赡Σ 赡Σ 赡Σ 皇 皇 皇 皇 皇 皇 皇 皇 皇 皇 皇 皇 皇 皇鹕 鹕 谒鹕 谒鹕 谒鹕 谒鹕 谒鹕 谒鹕 谒鹕 谒鹕 谒鹕 谒鹕 谒鹕 谒鹕 谒鹕 谒鹕 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹 鸹No-load operation can not be less than 850 rpm.
2. Initiate the captain's damage and damage after stopping (shutdown) at the moment: the outer surface of the bearing alloy is worn; the uneven alloy is displaced from the center to both sides.
The reason is: the initiator is in a long time after heavy load operation; the internal parts are at the highest working temperature; in particular, some of the incinerators are at high temperature; after the start of the machine is suspended; the cooling system and the smooth system both stop the operation; Go out and raise the temperature of the associated parts; damage the oil film on each smooth surface; when re-initiating; when the oily surface of each smooth appearance is not yet formed; the abnormal wear of the bearing bush has already occurred. Especially for the supercharger The damage of the sliding bearing is more severe; the excessively high temperature will constitute the deformation of the shaft hole; the accuracy of the damage will accelerate the damage of the initiator. The appearance of this phenomenon will cause severe damage to the piston, cylinder liner and cylinder seal. After the starter has a large load operation for a long time; the initiator should be idle for more than 10 minutes at low speed; the internal temperature will drop again in the future.
3. After the initiator is initiated, it directly enters the high-speed operation and full-load operation to damage or damage the bearing bush: the seventh and sixth spindles of the initiator are severely worn; other bearing bushes are damaged.
The reason is: the no-load heating operation is not carried out after the initiator is initiated; the high-speed operation and the full-load operation are input. Because the initiator does not reach the working temperature requirement; the force touch surface and the working gap of each part do not enter the optimal condition; The low smooth oil has poor fluidity; the heat of each movement can not be agile by the smooth oil; it will constitute damage or damage to the bearing. The lower the outside temperature, the more severe the damage to the bearing. It is necessary to avoid the onset of such problems. The temperature rise operation is carried out according to the rules; the medium and low speed empty work is carried out after the initiation of the machine; when the water temperature of the starter rises above 70 °C, the operation is started.
4. The appearance of damage or damage to the bearing bush due to adjustment and operation errors: the crankshaft thrust bearing (thrust ring) is severely worn or damaged; the seventh spindle shoe is damaged.
The reason is: the axial clearance of the crankshaft is too large or too. The 蓟嵩 汕嶂 汕嶂 汕嶂 汕嶂 汕嶂 汕嶂 汕嶂 汕嶂 汕嶂 在 在 在 在 在 è½´å‘ è½´å‘ è½´å‘ è½´å‘ è½´å‘ è½´å‘ è½´å‘ è½´å‘ è½´å‘ è½´å‘ è½´å‘ è½´å‘ è½´å‘ è½´å‘ è½´å‘ è½´å‘ è½´å‘ è½´å‘ è½´å‘ è½´å‘ è½´å‘ è½´å‘ è½´å‘ è½´å‘Damage to the seven spindles. Avoid the onset of such problems; it is necessary to ensure that the axial clearance of the crankshaft is at a scale of 0.18 to 0.35 mm when the machine is started.
4. The appearance of improper damage to the bearing bush or damage caused by the device:
1. The single shaft wear on one side is severe; the wear of the tile alloy is external.
The reason is: the deformation of the connecting rod exceeds the specification to ensure the scale, the bushing cover bolt consolidation torque is not uniform, the single side of the bearing bush is damaged when the device is installed, the bearing position of the bearing bush is inaccurate and the upper and lower sides are not centered.
2. The seven-sided bearing bush wears severely on one side; the central bearing bush wears more severely than the two bearing bushes.
The reason is: the deformation of the bushing hole is tapered, and the crankshaft is bent. The reason for the crankshaft bending is that the working gap is uneven, the associated parts are severely worn or the oscillation of the damage occurs, and the balance damper fails. The balance damper failure can also constitute the crankshaft cracking. ), when the bearing device is positioned, some orientations are not aligned or reversed: the upper and lower tiles are not aligned with the oil hole.
3, the back of the bearing bush is corroded or has a slight moving wear scar, the bearing pad positioning table damages the bearing bush and walks irregularly.
The reason is: in order to correct the working space in the device; the double-sided side plane of the bearing bush is cut; the elastic touch force of the bearing bush and the shaft hole is damaged, the bearing cover is reversed; the touch area and the moving gap of the bearing bush and the shaft are changed, and the bearing cover is changed. When the bolts are tightened; they are not tightened according to the rules and torque. If the torque is too large or too small and the bolt tightening torque on the same tile cover is uneven, the bearing bush will be damaged.
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